"A Diachronic Grammar of Old English"

Identyfikator Librowy: 969

Spis treści

Preface to the Firs Edition 5

Preface to the Second Edition 7

Abbreviations 8

Selected Phonetic Symbols 10

Symbols 10

Introduction 11

Chapter One: Consonantism 20

Old English Consonant System 20

Primary Correspondences 23

The Resonants 23

The Obstruents (The First Consonant Shift) 26

The Dentals 29

The Labials 30

The Velars 32

The Labiovelars 36

The Sibilant /s/ 38

Additional Remarks on the Consonant Shift 41

Pre-English Modifications 43

Proto-Germanic Innovations 43

Secondary Developments 43

North-West Germanic Innovations 44

West Germanic Innovations 46

Anglo-Frisian Innovations 48

Prehistoric Old English Innovations 48

Historic Old English Innovations 54

Chapter Two: Vocalism in Stressed Syllables 57

Primary Correspondences 58

The Simple Vocalic Nuclei (Short Vowels) 58

The Complex Vocali Nuclei 63

Pre-English Modifications 66

Proto-Germanic Innovations 66

Secondary Developments 66

North-West Germanic Innovations 67

Anglo-Frisian (or Ingveonic) Innovations 68

i-Umlaut and the Rise of Secondary Front Vowels 70

Old English Innovations 70

u-Umlaut and the Rise of Secondary Back Vowels 76

Minor Vocalic Changes 81

Chapter Three: Vocalism of Unstressed Syllabes and Other Word-Final Developments 84

Rise of the `Little´ Vocalic System 88

The Vocalism in Unstressed Syllabes in Detail 89

Chapter Four: Declension 95

Nouns 95

a-Declension: SM and SN 97

Vocalic Stems 97

o-Declension: SF 102

u-Declension: SMu and SFu 105

i-Declension: SMi , SFi, SNi 107

Consonantal Stems 112

n- or Weak Declension: WM, WF, WN 112

Root- or Athematic Stems 116

Relic Consonantal Stems 119

Pronominal Categories 122

Pronouns 122

Origin of Forms 123

Adjectives 126

Numerals 129

Origin of Forms 130

Chapter Five: Conjugation 131

Basic Verbal Endings in Old English 132

The Origin of the Basic Verbal Endings 132

Group I: Present Tense 133

The Origin of the Endings in Detail 133

Personal Endings Group II 135

Personal Endings Group III 136

Personal Endings Group IV 136

The Building of Stems and Forms 137

Weak Verbs 137

Class I (WV1) 139

Class II (WV2) 142

Class III (WV3) 143

Strong Verbs 145

Classification of Strong Verbs 146

Building of Forms 157

Preterite-Present Verbs 159

Anomalous Verbs 162

Selected Bibliography 165