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24
ChapterI.Teconceptandsubject-matteroflabourlaw
employmentrelationships.Alsosocialinsurancerelationships,untiltheirrecognition
asthesubject-matterofsocialinsurancelawtreatedasaseparatebranchoflaw,were
considereduparallel”toemploymentrelationshipsandafterterminationofthelat-
tertheywereconsideredpost-employmentrelationships(e.g.retirementoraccident
insurance).
Althoughthesocialinsurancelawwasdistinguishedasaseparatebranchoflaw,
therearestillmanylabourlawinstitutionsgoverningsocialrelationsaftertheend
ofanemploymentrelationship:entitlementsofformeremployees(ormembersoftheir
families)tovarioustypesofmaterialbenefitsandseverancepayments(suchasdeath
allowance,retirementorpensionallowance,terminationpaymentforreasonsnot
relatedtoanemployee),compensations(forexample,asaresultoftheincorrect
terminationofanemploymentrelationshiporunderanon-competeagreementfol-
lowingthetermoftheemployment),cashequivalentsinlieu(e.g.forunusedleave),
benefitsfromtheGuaranteedEmployeeBenefitsFund(FunduszGwarantowanych
ŚwiadczeńPracowniczych)orentitlementtoobtaincertaindocuments(e.g.employ-
mentcertificate).
2.Classificationoflabourlaw
Thedoctrineclassifieslabourlawasabranchforscientific,didacticandpracticalpur-
poses.Itisreflectedalsoinlegislativeworks(forexample,anideatoregulateindividual
andcollectivelabourlawsintwocodes).Formerdivisions,derivedfromforeignlitera-
ture,classifythelabourlawinto:
1)contractual(relatingtothestatusandobligationsofpartiestoanemploymentrela-
tionship)andprotective(governinge.g.therulesofprotectionofwomen,young
people,workingtime,safetyandhealth,supervisionofworkingconditions),
2)material(includingthelabourlawwithinthemeaningmentionedabove),formal
(includingproceduresforresolutionofdisputesandconflicts),institutional(relat-
ingtothestructureandpowersofbodiesadministeringtheworkandemployers’
andemployees’organisations),insurancelabourlaw(todayconsideredthesub-
ject-matterofsocialinsurance)or
3)individualandcollectivelabourlaw.
Inthe1990s,adivisionoflabourlawinto:
1)general,
2)individual,
3)collectiveand
4)procedural
hasbecomemorecommoninourliterature.
Thepresenthandbookisbasedgenerallyonthislattersystem.
B.M.Ćwiertniak