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IslamicglassfromareaU(2012-2013)
EGYPT
techniqueforachievingit(foracompre-
hensivestudyofmarveredglass,seeAllan
1995;forscientificanalysesofmarvered
glass,seeHenderson1995).Marvered
decorationfromareaUisrepresentedby
asmallshoulderfragmentofadarkblue
bottle,decoratedwithwhitetrails,combed
toafeatherdesign.Teformwasatypical
elegantkohlflask(notillustrated).Such
containersusuallyfeaturedashortorlong
cylindricalneck,sometimeswithone
bulge,aflaredsquarishbodywithcurved
shoulderandasmallsquare,pointedbase
(Carboni2001a:304-305,Cat.80a-b).
Teirfunctionaskohlbottleswasattested
bythefindofanintactbottleatal-Ṭūrin
Sinaiwithnotonlysomekohlresidue
stillinsideit,butalsoacoppereyestick
foundalongsidethevessel(Shindo1993:
302-304,Figs7-9).Marvereddecoration
canbesuggestedalsointhecaseofanother
toiletbottlefromareaU,whichhadathick,
wellpushed-updomedbasewithadistinct
pontilscarandwhichwasmadeofvery
goodqualityglassofadarkmanganese
purplecolor[Fig.2:5].Fromthesame
periodisanidenticalbasefoundatQusair
al-Qadim(Meyer1992:87,Pl.19,No.
518)andbothhaveanexactparallelin
amarveredexamplefromHama(Riis
1957:62-63,No.182).
Teassemblageofmarveredglassfrom
Komel-Dikkacontains90fragments
thatareeitherfree-blownorblowninto
ribbedmolds,decoratedwithonlyone
threadinwhite.Teimportanceofthis
collectionliesinthefactthatitcovers
awidechronologicalspan,fromthe
UmayyadthroughtheMamlukperiod.
However,theonlyothersitewithsimilarly
datedpublishedmaterialisBetShean
(Hadad2002:151-158;2005:27,38-
39,43-44,60,70-71).Tevesselsfrom
Komel-Dikkaexhibitanotablevariety
ofshapes.Terearetherarepaleblue
cylindricalcupswithwhitetrails,creating
anirregularwavy,festoonedpattern;the
smallandlargecupsandbowlsdecorated
withadiamondlattice;thethick-walled
flutedbeakerwithhorizontallyapplied
opaquewhitethreads,givingarippling
elect;thecosmeticcontainersincluding
avarietyofkohlflasks;theluxuryomoms;
andfinallythedomedlidfromacosmetic
box.Itseemsthatsomeoftheseglasses,
suchasthekohltoiletbottles,mayhave
beenproducedlocally.Teyareofen
carelesslymadeofvariousshadesofblue
glass,whichisamongthemostcommon
colorsofglassatKomel-Dikkaduring
the9th-10thcentury.Inturn,manyfiner
piecesdemonstratingahigherqualityof
workmanship,withdecorationexecutedon
manganesepurpleandemeraldgreenglass,
whichareratherrarecolorsintheKom
el-Dikkaassemblage,shouldbeseenas
beingmostprobablyofSyrianprovenance.
Tisiscertainlythecaseofafewexamples
ofrosewatersprinklerspopularinthis
regioninthe13thcentury[Fig.3:2].
OthersitesinEgyptoleringvessels
withmarvereddecorationincludeFusṭāṭ
(ScanlonandPinder-Wilson2001:106-
108,110;Shindo1992:581:1-32;2000:
233,Fig.1:1-2)andal-ṬūrinSinaiwith
itsabundanceoffragmentsofbowls,jars
andkohlbottles(Shindo1993:297-303;
2009:31).Bowlsandsmallvialswith
combedandmarveredpatternsworked
intoagreenorpurple-brownglasswere
excavatedatQusairal-Qadim(Meyer
1992:89-90,Pl.19,548-553).Meriting
noteisa13th-centuryintactpurple
chalicewithaknobbedstem,excavatedat
thecathedralinFaras.Ithaswhitetrailing
ontherimandamarvereddecoration
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