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ChallengesforModellingCAP2014–2020withinCGEModelFramework
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3.4.Modellinguintegrated”impactofEUpolicies
Generally,theintegratedimpactfollowsthephilosophyoftheplace-based
approach(aspostulatedbyBarca2009)tomodellingdevelopmentoftheregions
duetoEUpolicies,andinparticularruralandregionalpolicies.Thismeansthat
themainquestionofinterestishowcertainterritories(ruralareas)benefitfrom
allfundsimplementedthereatthesametime?
Therecanbeawiderangeofinterventionsfromvariouspolicies(economic,
environmental,social,technological,etc.)sothekeyquestionishowtomeasure
suchacompleximpactwiththeuseofeconomicCGEmodels?Itseemsthateither
moresophisticatedmodelsareneededorintegratedmodelshavetobeapplied.As
ThomsonandPsaltopoulos(2004)claim,ustatic”techniquesofeconomicssuchas
input-outputand/oreconomic-basedmodelsarenotsuitableanylonger.Instead,
theyadvocateucombined”multisectoralanddynamicapproach(e.g.dynamic
CGEmodels)toexploretheeffectsofpolicyinterventionsonthetargeted-area
economies.However,anotherwaywouldbetolinkdifferenttypesofmodelsto-
gether.Then,weaknessesorinabilitiesofsometypesofmodelsarereplacedby
strengthsofothertypesofmodels(e.g.linkingCGEswithpartialequilibrium
modelsandDynamicStochasticGeneralEquilibriummodels,engineeringmodels,
etc.).SomeexamplesofhybridorlinkedmodelsaredescribedbyBritz(2012),
Nowickietal.(2009),Janssonetal.(2009),Törmäetal.(2010),LSE(2011).
Thestudyofintegratedimpactsalsomeansthatmodelsneedtograsptypical
regionalphenomenaingreaterdetails,withrespecttoagglomeration,spatialknow-
ledgespillovers,interregionaltrade,andmigration.Oneexampleofsuchhybrid
approachtotacklethisproblemisGMR-Europemodelsystemappliedtothe
assessmentofimpactoftheSingleMarketonCohesion(LSE2011).TheGMR
systemcombinesapproachesfrequentlyappliedinpolicyimpactmodels(CGE
andDSGEmodelling)withtechniquesthatareadoptedineconometricstudies
(modellingofregionalknowledgeproduction)anditlinkstwoCGEmodels.One
ofthemhasbeenusedfortheimpactassessmentofhumancapitalrelatedmeasures.
TheotherCGEmodel(RegEU)hasbeenusedfortheassessmentofinvestment
typesofmeasuresthatarerelatedtofixedcapitalformation.
AnotherconglomerateisCAPRI-RDsystem(Britz2012).Thesystemcomprises
twotypesofmodels:partialequilibriummodelCAPRI(withitssupply,market
andfarmmodules)andregionalCGEs(computablegeneralequilibriummodels)
inRegCgeEU+model(Britz2012;BritzandWitzke2012).Theybothcoverall
NUTS2regionsoftheEU-28.Thetwomodelscomplementeachotherbased
ontheircomparativeadvantages.Forexample,thelevelofsectoralaggregation
isalwayshigherinCGEsthaninPEmodels-hereCAPRIfeatures36crops
WieśiRolnictwo4(173)/2016
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