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TizianoBonini
oftheiradvertisingrevenuesinthelastfiveyears,whileperiodicalshavelost
almost40%(Nielsen2012).Thesamecrisisisbeingexperiencedbyfree-press
newspapersandmagazines:theirpublicspendssolittlethatit,snotworthad-
vertisingwiththem.Theradiomarketisalsoinatransitionalphasebetween
standstillandcrisis.ThisisoccurringnotonlyinItaly,becauseofthecrisisand
theabsenceofreliabledataforthelasttwoyears,butallovertheworld.In
theperiodbetween2006and2012,advertisinginvestmentsintheradiosector
fellbyanaverageof6%inallthemajorworldmarkets(exceptforBrazil,In-
diaandChina)1.Theglobaleconomiccrisishascertainlyinfluencedthisdrop
(whosetrendcontinuestonotbepositive)butduringthesameperiod,invest-
mentsinadvertisingontheInternethavealmostdoubled.
Thisgeneralcrisisofthevalueoftraditionalmediahastodowiththegen-
eralcrisisofthevalueofthepublicofthismedia.Theattentionofmillionsof
peoplewhoreadnewspapers,watchTVseriesandlistentoradioprogramsev-
erydayhaslessvaluetodaythanitoncedid.Oneminuteofmyattentionis
simplyexchangedtodayatalowerpricethanitoncewas,becauseitissupposed
thatIdonothavethepurchasingpowernecessarytoconvertmyattentioninto
consumption.
Thisistheideaofthepublicthatmediaindustrieshave.Theproblemisthat
theycannotsellthisattentionanymore.Theeconomicvalueofthispublicis
diminishing,whilenichepublicsontheInternetarequicklyincreasinginvalue.
ThischangemustfirstberelatedtothearrivaloftheInternet,andthentosocial
media(allthesocialnetworkingsites),whicharequicklyredefiningtheconcept
ofpublicanditsvalue.Themostinfluentialanalystsofmediapublicshavealso
becomeawareofthis;forexamplePhilipNapoli,withinthefragmentationof
themediapanoramaandthemultiplicationoftechnologicalplatformsforutiliz-
ingcontent(fordigitalradio,theInternet,smartphones),identifiedthereasons
behindthecrisisofthetraditionalmethodsforattributingvaluetoradiopublics.
Inadditiontothenumberoflisteners,thequalityofthepublicisbeginning
tocountaswell(theabilityofsingleindividualstoexerttheirinfluenceand
mediatastesontheirpeergroups,theirpurchasingpowerandtheirbiograph-
icaldata;theirabilitytogenerateonlineconversationsabouttheirownmedia
consumption;theirlevelofinteractivitywiththemedia).Newmarketingstrate-
giessuchastheonlineSentimentAnalysis(astudyofthevalueandthemoodof
theconversationsthatareheldonlineaboutaspecificbrand)jointhemoretra-
ditionalones.NapolicallsthisscenarioKthepost-expositionmediaera”.
Andif,asNapoliclaims,researchonpublicsisadaptingitsmethodsbyde-
velopingqualitativetools,webelievethatitisaconsequenceofthehybridiza-
1OFCOM,InternationalCommunicationsMarketReport-RadioandAudio,UK2011.