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XXXVIIIPOLISHYEARBOOKOFINTERNATIONALLAW
DOI10.24425/pyil.2019.129605
2018
PLISSN0554-498X
MarekJanWasiński*
ENDOGENOUSANDEXOGENOUSLIMITSOF
THEAFRICANCHARTERONDEMOCRACY,
ELECTIONSANDGOVERNANCE
Abstract:
TisarticleanalysesthecapacityoftheAfricanCharteronDemocracy,ElectionsandGover-
nancetocounteractthedemocraticgovernanceshortfall.Itarguesthatthetangibleimpact
ofthetreatyonthestates
practicehasbeenlimitedbyvariousendogenousandexogenous
factors.Teformerareidentifiedasdirectlylinkedtocontentofthedocumentandreferto
theaccuracyofthedrafting.Telatterarerootedoutsidethetextandbeyondthecharacterof
theCharterandincludeissuesrelatingtothestates
reluctancetoratifythedocument,certain
constitutionalconstraintsunderminingimplementationonthenationallevel,andtheweak
internationalguaranteesofenforcement.
Keywords:TeAfricanCharteronDemocracy,ElectionsandGovernance;ruleoflaw;
interpretationoftreaties
INTRODUCTION
Terationalebehindthefollowinganalysisrestsupontwogeneralobservations.Both
arewellprovenanduncontestedinprinciple.First,Africaisalectedbytheoveralldemo-
craticgovernanceshortfall.1Inparticular,thedeficitrelatestowidespreadmanipula-
tionsinordertoextendtenuresbyincumbentofcials,commonrejectionsofelection
results,andfrequentviolationsoffundamentalhumanrights.2Takingintoconsideration
*Ph.D.,AssistantProfessorintheSchoolofLawandAdministration,UniversityofŁódź,Poland,
email:marek.wasinski@gmail.com,ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0109-9164.
1UnitedNationsEconomicCommissionforAfrica,AfricanGovernanceReportIII.Electionsandthe
ManagementofDiversity,OxfordUniversityPress,Oxford:2013,pp.1-3.
2Tesechallengeswereidentifiedin2017bytheChairpersonoftheAfricanUnionCommissionas
limitingtherealisationofthepromisesofdemocracy,AU,PressReleaseNo.011/2017.TeAfricanCommis-
siononHumanandPeoples’Rightsperiodicallyexpressesitsconcernaboutthedeterioratinghumanrights
situationinAfricanStatesbefore,duringandafterelections,aswellasabouttheirregularitiessurround-
ingelectoralprocesses,ACHPR/Res.331(EXT.OS/XIX)2016,Preamble,tiret6andtiret8;seealsoS.M.
Burchard,ElectoralViolenceinSub-SaharanAfrica:CausesandConsequences,FirstForumPress,Boulder:
2015;H.A.A.Miezah,ElectionsinAfricanDevelopingDemocracies,PalgraveMacmillan,London:2018.