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eugeniamariaAzevedosalomao
ill.3.
Façadeandchurchportal
oftheFranciscanconvent
SantaAnadeTzintzuntzan,
michoacán,mexico,(2013,
photo.torressalomao
photographicarchive)
open,withthestrokescentredonthecrossingsin
thediagonalslThesecondandmosttypicalisthat
insidethesquarethusmarked,variedornamenta-
tioncanbefoundsuchaslargeimitationsofshells
orscallopsl8Theroofsweremostlysimplecover-
ingsoftempleswithasinglenave,madewithadobe
orstonemasonrywalls,withMudéjarpanelledceil-
ingslVaultedwoodsoffitswerealsopresentlOne
exampleofthesixteenthcentury,withthemedieval
plateresqueinfluenceoflateGothicandMudéjar
style,istheroofofthehospitalchapelofUruapan
togetherwiththealfizwindowsinthehospital’s
infirmarylThechapelisdecoratedwithflatreliefs
inboththeportalandinsidethetriumphalarch
(illl1)l
IntheroofsoftheFranciscanconventsofTz-
intzuntzan,ErongaricuaroandZacapu,despitehav-
ingfullRenaissanceelements,Mudéjarartcanbe
appreciatedbytheuseofthealfizframingofthe
entrancearch,andbytheajimezthatadornsthe
choirwindow(illl2)lTheFranciscanconventual
complexofTzintzuntzan,foritshistoricalandar-
chitecturalvalue,deservesspecialmentioninthis
work;thus,adetaileddescriptionismadethereof
(illl3)l
ThemonasterycomplexofSantaAnadeTzint-
zuntzan,occupieswithinthetownalocationrelat-
edtothepre-HispanicceremonialcentrelItforms
anaxisperpendiculartotheoldeast-westroad
leadingtothelakelThepre-Hispanicceremonial
centresitsonalargeplatforminsertedintothehill-
8GonzálezGalván(1978:67)
sideoverlookingthesitelAtthebottom,thegreat
atriumofspiritualandsocialgatheringwasdevel-
oped,withthechurchandconventintheopposite
direction,therebycompletingalargeopenspacefor
spiritualandsocialceremoniesofthecommunityl
Thatgreatatriuminfrontofthemainbuildingis
surroundedbystonefencesbuiltaccordingtothe
traditionalsystemlItfeaturesstationsofthevia
crucis,pavedprocessionalroadsandanatrialcross
carvedinstoneisatthecentrewithsymbolismof
thepassionofChristl
Atthebackoftheatrium,theentiretempleand
monasteryisbuiltwiththickwallsmadeofstone
reusedfromancientpyramidalbasestandslThe
roofsoftheconventareflatwithbeamsandthe
navehasavaultedroofmadewithreinforcedcon-
creteandadomethatcoincideswiththetriumphal
archl
Thefaçadeofthemonasterycomplexincludes
accesstothenaveofthechurch,thepilgrims’porti-
co,theopenchapelandabayonthesouthernsidel
Inside,thecloisterisconfiguredwithaquadrangu-
larcourtyard,coveredbyabarrelvaultmadewith
carvedstone,surroundedbywoodenroofcorridors
withgeometricpatternsatthecornersthatcanbe
considereduniqueintheirkindintheMichoacán
area(illl4)lOnthenorthernsidethetemple’snave
islocated,whiletothewestthestaircasetoaccess
theuppercloisterandsacristy,andtothesouth
abayconnectstothesecondcourtyardl
Upstairs,thedistributionschemefollowsthe
designofthegroundfloorlThemaincellislocated
tothenortheastandspacesforothercellstothe
