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Introduction
Teimpactofchangingsocio-economic
background.Teresultsofvariousaspectsofthe
conditionsonhumanpopulationshasbeenwell
researchhavebeensummarizedtogetherwith
describedintheliterature.However,mostofthe
theirhistoricalandarchaeologicalbackgrounds.
Polishstudiesarefocusedonselectedchronolog-
Techaptersinthisbookcorrespondtothe
icalperiods,usuallythoseoftheoldesttimes,in
above-mentionedstagesoftheresearchprocess.
placelikeCedynia,Gruczno,WiślicaorWolin.
Tebookisaddressedbothtobiologistswho
However,therearedefinitelyfewer“cross-sec-
studyskeletalpopulationsandtoreaderswho
tional”studies,i.e.,concerningonepopulationin
arenotprofessionalstudentsofbiologicalan-
morerecentchronologicalperiods.Forthisrea-
thropology.Terefore,itseemedindispensable
son,themainscientificaimofthisstudy,which
tostarteachchapterwithashortpresentation
wastheresultofascientificprojectfinancedby
oftheproblemandadescriptionoftheresearch
theNationalScienceCenter(NCN2013/11/B/
methodsapplied.Suchan“introduction”makesit
HS3/04117),wastoexaminethebiologicalcon-
easiertounderstandthespecificsoftheanalyses
ditionofthepopulationofRadomfromthe11th
andtheirinterpretation.Itisalsoworthnoting
centuryuptotheindustrialrevolutionofthe
thatthisbookpresentsonlyaportionofthere-
19thcentury.Terefore,wehaveauniqueoppor-
searchconducted.Inone,relativelyshort,chap-
tunitytotracebiologicalchangesovernearly800
ter,wecannotpresentallthedetailedresultson
years.Itisworthmentioningthatstudiesonthe
dentalcaries,enamelhypoplasiaorpaleopathol-
EarlyMedievalRadompopulationwerealready
ogy.Terefore,interestedpersonswillbeableto
conductedinthe1950sbyRosiński,andlaterby
deepentheirknowledgeofthepopulationfrom
Kapla.However,theentirecollectionfromRa-
Radominsuccessivescientificpublications.
domhasneverbeenstudied,oversuchanexten-
Such
broadly-designed
analyses
needed
siveperiodoftime.
diferentspecialists.Tespecialistsrepresent-
Togettoknowthebiologicaltransformations
edvariousfieldsinthenaturalsciencesandthe
inthepopulationofRadom,thestudywasdivid-
humanities.Teteamincludedanthropologists,
edintothreestages.Inthefirststage,theresearch
dentists,geneticists,pathologists,radiologists,
wasfocusedontheosteologicalandodontolog-
archaeologists.Iamextremelygratefultoallof
icalanalyses.Atthisstageofthestudy,theskel-
theseresearchersforjoiningtheprojectonthe
etalmaterialwasthoroughlydescribed,sexand
populationofRadom.
age-at-deathwereidentifiedandanumberof
measurementsweremadeandtheresultswere
photographed.Tesecondstageoftheresearch
concernedhighlyspecializedlaboratoryanalyses.
Radiographic,paleopathological,molecularand
isotopicstudieswereperformed.Finally,inthe
laststageofthestudy,archaeozoologicalanalyses
wereconductedtounderstandtheenvironmental
7
Introduction
