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Introduction
9
Thisbookexaminestheuseofepistemicmodalitymarkersintwosetsof
peer-reviewedjournalarticlesinthefieldoflinguisticspublishedintheyears
2001-2006.ThefirstsetcomprisestwohundredarticleswritteninEnglishand
drawnfromfiveinternationallinguisticsjournals:JournalofPragmatics,Lan-
guageandCommunication,LanguageSciences,Lingua,andLinguisticsandPhi-
losophy.ThesecondsetconsistsoftwohundredarticleswritteninPolishand
publishedineightPolishjournals,allofwhichwereincludedinthe2003list
ofrecognisedscientificjournalsreleasedbythePolishCommitteeforScien-
tificResearch.Theanalysisseeksanswerstothefollowingquestions:
—
IstheepistemicevaluationmarkedwiththesamefrequencyinEnglishand
Polishlinguisticsarticles?
—
Arehigh,middleandlowdegreesofconfidencemarkedwithasimilarfre-
quency?
—Whatcategoriesofmarkersprevailasexponentsofparticularmodalval-
ueinthetwosetsoftexts?
—
Doepistemicmarkerstendtoclusterinparticulararticlesections?Are
thereanydifferencesintheirdistributionthatmightberelatedtothevalue
ofthemarker?
—
Isthereanyindicationofpotentialdifferencesinwhattendstobeepistem-
icallyqualifiedinthesetwosetsoftexts?
Ihopethatthedatapresentedheremaybeofinteresttoscholarswhostudy
culture-basedanddiscipline-basedargumentationpatternsinacademicdis-
course,includingthoseconcernedwiththeuseofEnglishasanAddition-
alLanguageandEnglishasaLinguaFranca,andtoresearcherswhoinvesti-
gateepistemicmodalityandevidentialityincross-linguisticandcross-cultural
perspective.Theymightalsobeofsomevaluetoscholarswhoareconcerned
withhowlanguagereflectsthecommunity-basedmechanismsofknowledge
generationandsharing.
Chapter1discussestheinternalvariationofacademicdiscourseresulting
fromdisciplinarydivisions,thecomplexsystemofgenres,multipleaudiences,
andculturaldiversity,providesashortoverviewofthemainlinesofresearch
thathavebeenundertakenintoacademiccommunication,andreportsonthe
existingresearchintoPolishacademicdiscourse.Chapter2isdevotedtolin-
guisticmodalityandoutlinesthemainapproachestotheconcept,discusses
modalitytypesandvalues,andfocusesofepistemicitytopresentitsmarkers
inEnglishandinPolish.Thechaptercloseswithanoverviewofpreviousre-
searchintomodalityinacademicdiscourse.Chapter3describesinmorede-
tailtheaimsofthepresentstudy,introducesthecorpuswhichisthesourceof
data,andexplainstheproceduresappliedintheanalysis.Chapter4presents