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Chapter1.Compoundsandphrasalnouns…
EachofthebasicthreeclassesofcompoundsinScaliseandBisetto’s
typologycanbefurthersplitintoendocentricandexocentriconesiRele-
vantexamplesfromEnglishareprovidedin(1),andfromItalian(follow-
ingMasiniandScalise2012)in(2)i
(1)
aisubordinateendocentriccompounds:cofeecup,busdriver
bisubordinateexocentriccompounds:cutthroat,pickpocket
cicoordinateendocentriccompounds:sofabed,actor-director
dicoordinateexocentriccompounds:mother-child(bond),doctor-patient
(gap)
eiattributiveendocentriccompounds:snailmail,greenhouse
fiattributiveexocentriccompound:bonehead,yellowhead
(2)
aisubordinateendocentriccompounds:capostazione(litichiefstation)
<stationmaster’
bisubordinateexocentriccompounds:portalettere(liticarry-letters)<mail-
man’
cicoordinateendocentriccompounds:poetapittore(litipoetpainter)<poet
painter’
dicoordinateexocentriccompounds:dormiveglia(litisleep-wake)<drow-
siness’
eiattributiveendocentriccompound:cassaforte(litiboxstrong)<safe’
fiattributiveexocentriccompound:piedipiatti(litifeetflat)<cop’
Lieber(2009a,2016)andScaliseandBisetto(2009)showhowBisettoand
Scalise’s(2005)compoundclassificationcanberestatedinLieber’s(2004)
lexical-semanticapproachiLieber(2004)distinguishestwolevelsofse-
manticrepresentationoflexemesandamxes:thebodyandtheskeletoni
Theskeletonincludesonlythosesemanticfeatureswhicharerelevantfor
thesyntaxofagivenlanguageiThebodycontainstwotypesofsemantic
informationiOnelayerofthebodycontainsuniversalsemanticfeatures
whicharenotsyntacticallyrelevantinaparticularlanguage(hencethey
donotbelongtotheskeleton)iThesecondlayerofthebodyencompasses
primarilyencyclopaedicinformation,anditmaydiferbetweenspeakers
(dependingonhowmuchspecialisedknowledgetheyhave)i
Incoordinatecompounds,thetwoconstituentsshow“aperfect
matchingoftheskeletonsandahighlevelofmatchinginthefeatures
oftheencyclopedicbody”(ScaliseandBisetto2009:49)iInthecase
ofsubordinatecombinations,theskeletonisofnorelevancetotheway
theheadselectsthenon-headofacompoundiAtleastonefeatureofthe
bodyoftheheadisexpectedtomatchtheencyclopaedicfeatureofthe
non-headiInthecaseofattributivecompounds,thenon-headconstituent
shouldmatchatleastoneoftheencyclopaedicfeaturesoftheheadiLieber
