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1.INTRODUCTION
Inpresentdaysinnovationsbecomeabaseformodernstrategiesenhancingeco-
nomicgrowthanddevelopmentofenterprises.Wearewitnessingatransitionfrom
industrialeconomytoknowledgebasedeconomy.Inindustrialeconomy,innova-
tionswereimplementedfromabove,whereasinpostindustrialeconomy,organiza-
tionsandtheiremployeesdesirethisknowledgethemselves.“Knowledge
andskillsbecameasourceoflongtermcompetitiveadvantage”[22].Innovative
processesoccurinastructureofaffiliationsinvolvingnetworksofenterprises,
researchinstitutionsandpublicadministration.Clustersemerge–ageographical
aggregationsofmutuallyconnectedunits,whichbothcompeteandcooperatewith
oneanother[62].Acooperationoforganizationswithinaclusterisnota“simple
sumofindividualsubjects”becauseasynergyeffectoccurs,whichincreases
theflexibilityandcompetitivenessofparticipatingorganizations[22,32,63].
In1995atriplehelixmodelwascreatedwhichdefinesthedynamicsofrela-
tionsbetweenthreegroupsofsubjectsoperatingwithinacluster–universities,
industryandadministration(Fig.1.1).Inthismodel,threedimensionsmerge:
knowledge,innovationandconsensus[22].ThisconceptwasreflectedintheEuro-
peanUnioninitiativesconcerningcreationofregionsofknowledge[22].Theob-
jectiveofregionsofknowledgeistoconnectallinstitutionsinterestedincoopera-
tioninagivengeographicalregion.Aregionalsystemofinnovationconsist
ofcomplementaryandinterdependentsubsystemswhichinclude[43]:
–“aproduction-servicessubsystemformedbybusinessentitiesspecializing
intechnological-industrialactivity,implementationandcommercialization
ofnewsolutions,
–aresearchsubsystem,composedofvariousr&dentities,highereducationunits
andotherscientificinstitutionsspecializedininnovationsandtechnologytransfer,
–institutionalsubsystem,composedofawholespectrumofsubjectssupporting
theinnovationprocesses(Innovationsupportandtechnologytransfercenters),
–afinancialsubsystemformedbyentitiesandfinancialinstrumentswhichfacili-
tategeneratinginnovationsandtransferofknowledge,
–asocial-culturalsubsystemrepresentingtheculturaltraits,valuesystems,com-
municationformsandchannelsspecificforagivenregion”.
Educationalunitswillingtooperateinaclusterandtohaveafunctionoffeed-
ingitwithknowledgehavetousethestructuresofaknowledgeorganization
aswell.Theirspecificroleofaneducationalpartnerrequirescreationbyeduca-
tionalorganizationofaclearandconsistentidentity,bothinternalandexternal.
