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ErkkiNevanperä
aredecidedbythegovernment.Tepresentallotmentoflessonhours
wasenactedin2012andhasbeenimplementedtogetherwiththenew
corecurriculuminAugust2016.Tedistributionoflessonhoursstipu-
latesthecoresubjectstaughttoallpupils,andthedistributionofteach-
inghoursbetweenvarioussubjects.
TenationalcorecurriculumisdeterminedbytheFinnishNational
BoardofEducation.Itincludestheobjectivesandcorecontentofdif-
ferentsubjects,aswellastheprinciplesofpupilassessment,special-
needseducation,pupilwelfareandeducationalguidance.Teprinciples
ofagoodlearningenvironment,workingapproachesaswellasthecon-
ceptoflearningarealsoaddressedinthecorecurriculum.Tepresent
nationalcorecurriculumforbasiceducationwasconfirmedinJanuary
2004anditwasintroducedintoschoolsinAugust2006.
Teeducationproviders,usuallythelocaleducationauthoritiesand
theschoolsthemselves,drawuptheirowncurriculaforpre-primary
andbasiceducationwithintheframeworkofthenationalcorecurricu-
lum.Tesecurriculamaybepreparedforindividualmunicipalitiesor
institutionsorincludebothsections.
Teorganizerofeducationisresponsibleforassessingitstraining
anditseńectivenessaswellastoparticipateinactivities’externalevalu-
ation.Tepurposeofevaluationistodeveloptrainingandimprove
theconditionsforlearning.Temonitoringofthelocalcurriculum
implementationandschoolyearplan,andregularevaluationandde-
velopmentarepartofthistask.1
Since1996,educationaleńectivenesshasbeenunderstoodinFin-
landtoincludenotonlysubject-specificknowledgeandskillsbutalso
themoregeneralcompetenceswhicharenottheexclusivedomainof
anysinglesubjectbutdevelopthroughgoodteachingalongastudent’s
educationalcareer.Manyofthese,includingtheobjectofthepresent
assessment,learningtolearn,havebeennamedintheeducationpoli-
cydocumentsoftheEuropeanUnionaskeycompetenceswhicheach
memberstateshouldprovidetotheircitizensasthepartofgeneral
education.2
1BasicEducationAct21§subsection1and2(1296/2013).
2EU2006,OfcialJournaloftheEuropeanUnion.RecommendationoftheEuro-
peanParliamentandoftheCouncilof18December2006onkeycompetencesfor