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1.1.meEuropeanConventiononHumanRights…
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variousstagesofprenataldevelopment4.Suchwasthecasewiththeau-
thorsoftheEuropeanConventiononHumanRightsandBiomedicine.
Inaccordancewiththemethodologyrecognizedbyitsauthors,astarting
pointforthejustificationofanylegislativeactionwasthereconstruction
ofaspecificcase,originatingfromacontextofmedicine,andscientific
research.mesecondstageofthismethodwasthephilosophicalanaly-
sisoftheissuesinquestionandadepictionoftherelatedfundamental
moraldilemmas.Byreturningtothephilosophical,thepossibilityof
fathomingtheessenceoftheproblemhadbeenenabled.
mecontroversywhichsurroundsthequestionofhumanbiogenesis
requiringappropriatelegislativesolutions,alongwiththeongoingpro-
gressbeingmadeinthenaturalsciences,iseverontheincrease.Abortion,
assistedprocreation,prenatalandpreimplantationdiagnosis,cloning,new
variationsofeugenics,surrogatemotherhood,researchemployinghuman
embryosandtheharvestingoftheirstem-cellsmakeupjustafewofthe
controversiescurrentlythesubjectofcontesteddebate.Everyoneofthese
debatesandtheensuingdiscussionbringswithititsownindividualhis-
toryanddetail.Uponmovingon,however,fromthedetailsofsuchspe-
cificities,whichhaveallrevolvedaroundessentiallythesameissue,one
questionremainssingularlyunanswered:KWhatstatusdoesthehuman
embryohaveinitsprenatalstages?”.meanswertothisquestiondirectly
drawsuponthelogicoftheentiretyofthelegislationconcerninghuman
biogenesisindetermininganysortofdefiniteresolutioninthisregard.
1.1.heEuropeanConventiononHumanRights
andthebeginningsoftheprotectionofhumanlife
Protectingthelifeofeachandeveryindividualrepresentsoneofthe
centralcomponentsoftheCouncilofEurope’shumanrightsprotection
system,and,indeed,mostsystemsaimedatsafeguardinghumanrights.
Ifinanywaytheindividual’svalueisdisregarded,theintroductionof
anysubsequentmechanismsmeanttoprotecttheirrightsandfreedoms
4
O.Nawrot,Nienarodzony…,pp.17–114.
