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Introduction
T
heconceptof“identity”isoneofthekeycomponentsofthe
present-dayhumanisticsciences.Also,itisespeciallysignificant
becauseitwouldbedifficulttofindanaspectoflife,orinfact
aresearcharea,uponwhichidentitywouldnothaveleftitsstamp.
Inthecourseofthe20thcentury,theworkofsuchscholars
asE.Erikson,P
.Weinreichandmanyothershasmadeitpossible
toarriveatascientificmethodofresearchingidentityinthe
psychologicalandsociologicalsense.Thispertainstothepersonal,
socialidentityasmuchastocollectiveidentities.Eriksondistinguished
theindividualidentityandthesocial(orcultural)identityand
investigatedsocialrolesplayedbyvariousindividuals,aswellasthe
processoftheformationandtransformationofidentityinthecourse
ofaperson’slife.Hisreflectioninspiredsubsequentscholars,one
ofwhom,Weinreich,proposedtheconceptionoftheIdentityStructure
Analysis(ISA)whichconstitutesaresearchtoolininvestigatingthe
relationshipsofanindividualwithhim/herselfandwiththe
surroundingreality.Consideringtheessayspresentedinthecurrent
volume,themostusefuland,infact,themostimportantare
Weinreich’sconceptofthedynamismofidentityandhisrealization
thatatvariouspointsintimeidentityisessentiallystableandforms
acontinuum,butthatisconcurrentlyundergoeschange,fluctuation
anddevelopment.
CollectiveidentitieswereresearchedbyG.H.Meadasearlyasthe
1930s,andrecentlybyF
.PolettaandJ.M.Jasperparalleltoresearch
onthesocialidentityofindividualsconductedmainlybyH.Tajfel.
Inthetheoryofsocialidentity,variousformsofsocialbehaviour
ofindividualsarelocatedonthecontinuumbetweentheinterpersonal
andinter-groupbehaviour.Positivedifferentiationasthemotivation
toactionisoffundamentalimportancehere,asitresultsinstrong
bondsandgroupidentification.Inthisareawearealsodealingwith
theinteractionbetweenstabilityandcontinuityontheonehandand
thetransformationontheother.
WithregardtothePersian-languagecivilization,theissuesofthe
interactionbetweencontinuityandchangeandtheprocesses
