Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
TEKST6Przeczytajtekst.Pokażdymakapiciezdecyduj,czyzdaniapodane
poniżejwyrażająprawdę-‘true’,czyfałsz-‘false’.
Intimespast,andintimesoffoodshortage,farmersgrewcropsthattheyknewperformedwellon
theirsoil,andwhichgavethemgoodprices.Nowadays,thefirstpartofthefoodchain,agriculture,
isgovernedbytheenduserofthefoodchain-theconsumer.Retailerscompeteformarketshare
offeringagoodvarietyoffoodproductsatattractivepricestonumerouscustomers.
1.Inmoderntimestheinfluenceofcustomersonthepricesofproductsis
greaterthaninthepast.
Inearliertimes,peoplegrewmuchoftheirownfood,producingsufficientfortheirownandtheir
family'sneeds.Thesedays,peoplerelyincreasinglyonotherstogrowandprocessfood.Thishas
ledtothedevelopmentofthefoodindustry,thelargestindustryintheworld.
2.Thegrowthofthefoodindustryhasbeenstimulatedbyrisingdemandon
foodfromthepeoplewhocannotproduceitforthemselves.
IntheUnitedKingdom,forexample,thefoodanddrinksectorhasanannualvalueof80billion
pounds.Inmanydevelopedcountries,foodprocessingaccountsforsome10to15percentofall
manufacturedproducts.Withincreasingprosperityandstandardsoflivinginmanydeveloped
countries,peopledevotealowerpercentageoftheirtotalincometopurchasingfood.
3.Inanumberofprosperouscountriesthemorepeopleearn,themorethey
spendonfood.
Ahundredyearsago,whenBritishconsumerslived,onaverage,forabout50years,halfoftheir
incomewasspentonfood.Now,withourhigherstandardofliving,lifeexpectancyexceeds70
years,andonly20percentofhouseholdincomeisspentonfoodpurchases.Anincreasingamount
offoodsbeingboughtaremanufacturedorprepared.
4.Thesedayspeoplelivelongerthanacenturyagobecausetheytendto
spendmoremoneyongoodfoodproducts.
Lesswell-offpeople,awareoftheessentialenergyprovidedbyfood,spendahigherproportionof
theirscarceincomeonfood.Peoplewithhigherincomes,ontheotherhand,mayseefoodmorein
termsofenjoymentandlookforgreaterquality,withregardtoproductingredients,andgreater
variety,sometimesalternatingbetweendietingandovereating.
5.Wealthierconsumersarelesslikelytoconsiderfoodmerelyasasource
ofenergy.
-13-
