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ForewordtothehandbookMicrobiological
Biotechnology0Exercisesandspecialist
laboratoriesfrom1997
AccordingtothedefinitionadoptedbytheEuropeanFederation
ofBiotechnology,“biotechnologyisanintegratedapplication
ofnaturalandengineeringscienceswiththeaimofusing
livingorganisms,cellsandtheircomponentpartsforproducts
andservices”.Oneofthesciencesthatispartofbiotechnology
isindustrialmicrobiology,whichdealswiththeuseof
microorganismsinpractice.Themostimportantfactorsthat
favourthewidespreaduseofmicroorganismsinbiotechnological
processesincluderelativelyeasy,large-scaleculturingtechniques,
theabilitytousevariousrawmaterialsasasourceofcarbonand
energy,highmetabolicrates,thewell-knowngeneticstructure
ofsomespeciesandtheeaseofgeneticmanipulation.Itshould
benoted,however,thattotakefulladvantageoftheproperties
ofmicroorganisms,itisnecessarytoknowthephysiologyof
industrialstrainsandthemechanismsregulatingthechanges
takingplaceinsidethecell.Theseissuesarethemainsubjectof
specialistlaboratoriesandexercisesinindustrialmicrobiologyfor
studentsofthe4thyearofbiotechnologyandmicrobiologyatthe
FacultyofBiologyandEnvironmentalProtection,Universityof
Łódź.Students,whentheyjoinclassesconductedinsemesters8
and9,andalreadyhaveaconsiderableamountofknowledgeinthe
fieldsofchemistry,generalmicrobiology,biochemistry,mycology
andmicrobialgenetics.Therefore,thehandbookdoesnotdiscuss
thebasictechniquesusedinlaboratorywork,butfocusesmainly
onissuesconcerningthephysiologyofindustrialmicroorganisms
andtheiruseinbiotechnologicalprocesses.
Thehandbookhasbeendevelopedonthebasisofmany
yearsofdidacticandscientificexperienceoftheemployeesof
theDepartmentofIndustrialMicrobiologyoftheUniversity
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