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Preface
Thismonographistheresultofresearchconductedbyemployeesanddoc-
toralstudentsattheDepartmentofDemographyandEconomicStatistics.The
subjectofresearch,accordingtothetitle,focusesonmodelingofcomplexdata
setsandriskanalysis.
Theauthorsuseinnovativeandappropriateresearchapproaches,thatallows
toconductanalyzesandformulateassessmentsandconclusionsresultingfrom
theresearch.Wecanexplainedthatdatacomplexityandthedevelopmentof
predictiveanalyticsofoftencomesaboutwhentryingtodeveloparoundthe
informationbottlenecksthatwecomeupagainst.Thismeansthatthereisalot
ofprogrammeralchemyinvolvedand,essentially,thatthealgorithmsthem-
selvesarebecomingmorecomplex.Patterns,trendsandcorrelationsthatmight
goundetectedintext-baseddatacanbeexposedandrecognizedadditionally
withdatavisualizations.
Firstpartofthisbookconsistsofdemographicandeconomicanalyzesus-
ingavailabledatabases.Chapteroneisconcentratedontheaveragelifeexpec-
tancygivencurrentmortalityconditionsofpopulationwhichsummarizesthe
mortalitypatternthatprevailsacrossallagegroupsinagivenyearchildren
andadolescents,adultsandtheelderly.Theproblemofempiricalidentification
ofsocio-economicdeterminantsoflifeexpectancyusingcause-and-effectmod-
elsisanalyzedinPolandusingpaneldata
Nextchapterfollowtheproblemofforecastinglifeexpectancyusingjoint
female-malemodelinsteadofone-sex(independently),presentedontheexam-
pleofPoland.Themodelhasatwo-levelBayesianhierarchicalstructure,which
isknownfrommostothermodelsandhasbeensuccessfullyestablishedinmod-
ernstochasticmortalityforecasting.Amongmanyvariationsofmortalitymodels
thefollowingmodelsarecomparedclassicalmodelforforecastingmortalityfor
singlepopulationPoissonlog-bilinearLee–Carter,analternativetotheconcept
ofLCmethodbasedonthefunctionaldataanalysisusedforboth:projectionof
mortalityforsinglepopulationandtwo-populationanalternativeapproachto
lifeexpectancyforecastingthatusestheconceptofdirectmodeling,ratherthan
viamortalityforecasts,andisbasedonuseaBayesianhierarchicalmodelfor
lifeexpectancy.Thelastchapterofthispartfocusesonthegoalitistheevalua-
tionthelabourmarketstatusofyoungpeople,aged20-24,inselectedcountries
oftheEuropeanUnion.Theresearchwascarriedouttoassesschangesinthe