Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
18
TheKremlin’sHybridWar
HowRussianpropagandaworksinGeorgia,GrigolJulukhidze
Actorsofdisinformation
Pro-RussiannarrativesinGeorgiaaremainlypromotedbytraditionalmedia
outletsandinternetnewsagencies(fakenewswebsites,Facebookpages).Despite
manyattemptsbyGeorgianauthoritiesandcivilsocietytocounterRussianprop-
agandaoperations,therehasbeennocentralised,well-coordinatedapproach.It
makesGeorgiaextremelyvulnerabletodisinformation.Inaddition,dozensofstate-
ownedRussiantelevisionchannelsarewidelybroadcastedinGeorgia.Mostof
theseoutletsdirectlypromotepropagandisticnarratives.Otheractorsforpropa-
gandadisseminationincludepro-RussianpoliticalpartiesandMoscow-sponsored
non-governmentalorganisations.
TemaingoalsoftheKremlin’sinformationwarinGeorgiainclude:
•
Weakeningpro-WesternopinionamongtheGeorgianpublic–uGeorgia
willneverbecomeanEU/NATOmember”;
•
DiscreditingUkraine–uTeMaidanwasorganisedbyfascistssupported
andbackedbyWesternintelligenceservices”;
•
DiscreditingtheUnitedStates–uTe9/11terroristattackwasorganisedby
theCIA”,uUSforeignpolicyisrunbymasons”;
•
DiscreditingNATO–uNATOwillplaceamilitarybaseinGeorgiaandwill
useEasternEuropeasa‘shield’againstRussia”;
•
DiscreditingtheEU–uTeEUisnoteńectiveanymore”;uTereareonly
strikesanddemonstrationsintheEuropeanUnion”;uTeEUwillcollapse
soon”;
•
Promotionofconspiracytheoriesandnihilism–uPoliticiansareonlyfocused
ontheirowninterests”;
•
PositiverepresentationofRussianforeignpolicy–uRussiaisnotanideal
state,butitspolicyislessaggressivethantheWest”
.
Wealsohavetopayattentiontooneotherimpor-
Russianpropaganda
tantissue.TisisnamelytheKremlin’sattempttoro-
framesthe
manticisetheSoviettimesinGeorgia,especiallyamong
communisteraas
theoldergenerations.Tishasseenthecommunist
arelativelypositive
eraframedasarelativelypositivetimeincompari-
sontocontemporarytroubles:uYes,maybetheUSSR
timeincomparison
wasnotperfect,butitwasfarbetterthanthemod-
tocontemporary
ernWesterncapitalistorder.”Suchanapproachaims
troubles.
atunderminingpublicconsensusregardingGeorgia’s
Euro-Atlanticaspirations.
ChristopherPaulandMiriamMatthewshavedescribedvariousphysiological
featuresofRussia’scontemporarypropagandamodel.Teirdescriptionsappear
