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NewMediaandthefallofthePolishPeople’sRepublic
Itclearlyfollowsthat,first,technology(justlikescience)issubordinateto
humankind.Second,theCatechismclearlystatesthatmoralvaluesareexternal
toresearchandengineeringandtheycannotbededucedfromeitherusefulness
orelectiveness.Ofcourse,thewritingcomesfromthe90sandsoitcameafer
mostoftheeventspresentedinthisbook.However,itisbasedonthedocu-
mentsoftheSecondVaticanCouncilandfromearlierideasoftheCatholic
Church.15
AnevenclearerstatementcanbefoundintheCompendiumoftheSocialDoc-
trineoftheChurch:
457.Teresultsofscienceandtechnologyare,inthemselves,positive.“Farfromthinking
thatworksproducedbyman’sowntalentandenergyareinoppositiontoGod’s
power,andthattherationalcreatureexistsasakindofrivaltotheCreator,Chris-
tiansareconvincedthatthetriumphsofthehumanraceareasignofGod’sgrace
andthefloweringofHisownmysteriousdesign.”TeCouncilFathersalsoem-
phasisethefactthat“thegreaterman’spowerbecomes,thefartherhisindividual
andcommunityresponsibilityextends,”andthateveryhumanactivityistocorre-
spond,accordingtothedesignandwillofGod,tohumanity’struegood.Inthisre-
gard,theMagisteriumhasrepeatedlyemphasisedthattheCatholicChurchisinno
wayopposedtoprogress,rathersheconsiders“scienceandtechnologyareawon-
derfulproductofaGod-givenhumancreativity,sincetheyhaveprovideduswith
wonderfulpossibilities,andweallgratefullybenefitfromthem.”Forthisreason,“as
peoplewhobelieveinGod,whosawthatnaturewhichhehadcreatedwas(good’
,
werejoiceinthetechnologicalandeconomicprogresswhichpeople,usingtheir
intelligence,havemanagedtocreate.”16
Tisperspectivepresentstechnologynotasapassiveforcethatamancan
useforanypurpose,butratherassomethingpositivewhichdemandstobe
used.
Adilerentapproachispresentedinothertheories,whichassumethat
althoughsocietycontrolstechnology,adoptedtechnicalsolutionsdetermine
sociallifetosomeextent.TemostinterestingofthesetheoriesisknownasSo-
cialConstructionofTechnology(SCOT)approach.WiebeE.BijkerandTrev-
orPinch,twoofitsmainproponents,describetechnicalartefactsinterms
15SeeVaticanCouncil,PastoralconstitutionontheChurchinthemodernworld:
Gaudiumetspes;promulgatedbyHisHolinessPopePaulVIonDecember7,1965(Boston:
PaulineBooks&Media,1998).
16PontificalCouncilforJusticeandPeace,CompendiumoftheSocialDoctrine
oftheChurch,accessedJanuary6,2017,htps://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pon-
tifical_councils/justpeace/documents/rc_pc_justpeace_doc_20060526_compen-
dio-dot-soc_en.html
