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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Risingdemandswithrespecttothestorageofelectricalenergyproduced
fromrenewableenergysourcesimplicatehydrogentechnologytobeextensively
developedintermsoftimeofoperationanddurabilityandloweringofproduction
costs.Themonographreportstheapplicationofnewactiveconstruction
components(electrolytesandelectrodes)forpolymerfuelcells(PEMFC)produced
toimprovetheelectricalparameters,increasethelifetimeanddecreasefabrication
costsoftheseelectrochemicalconverters.Membrane(electrolyte)andanode
catalystlayermodificationswerecarriedoutforparticularsinglefuelcells.
Incaseofelectrolytes,variouspolymersandchemicalcompoundswereapplied
suchaspolyazomethines,polybenzimidazoles,polyimides,bibenzimidazoleand
imidazole.Theobtainedmembraneswereinvestigatedwithaidofthermogravimetric
methods(TGAandDTG)andwatersorptionanalysis.Acid-baseinteractions
amongstNafion-115electrolyteandparticular,membranemodifiershappened,
thatwasprovenbasedonFTIRspectroscopy.Threevarioustypesofflake
grapheneandTiO2-basedmodifiersi.e.TiO2-SiO2-VTMSandTiO2:Fe,and
additionallypristineTiO2wereutilizedtoimprovetheelectrochemicalproperties
ofcatalystlayers.Forthesenanomaterialsandelectrodeinks,surfaceareaand
porosityanalysiswasperformed.ByapplyingthetheoriessuchasBrunauer–
Emmett–Teller(BET),Barrett-Joyner-Halenda(BJH),t-PlotandHorvath-
Kawazoe,andbasedonadsorptionanddesorptionisothermsofliquidnitrogen,
relevantphysicalparameterswerecalculated.Bothmodifiedfuelcellactive
componentsallowedonsignificantimprovementofelectrochemicalparametersfor
assembledsinglePEMfuelcells.Withaidofelectrochemicalmethodssuch
aspolarizationcurves(U-J),electrochemicalimpedancespectroscopy(EIS),and
voltamperometricmethods(CVandLSV)eachofconstructedfuelcellswas
characterized.Additionally,singlePEMFCswereanalyzedtoevaluatetheimpact
ofnanomaterialconcentrationinthecatalystlayerontheelectrochemical
propertieswithregardalsotothedifferenttemperatureoffuelcelloperation.
Asaresultofexperiments,themaximumpowerdensitieswereevendoubledfor
bothmodifiedelectrolyte-(231mW/cm
2)andanode-basedfuelcells(217mW/cm2)
incomparisontothereferencesamples.Moreover,theoperationallifetimewas
extendedandtheamountofexpensiveplatinumcatalystreducedasanadvantage.
FuelcellactivecomponentswereproducedtobeappliedincommercialPEMfuel
cellstack.PEMFCstackdesignandresultsofinitialresearchwereintroduced
inthelastpartofthiswork.
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