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INTRODUCTION
commonfaienceorglassitemsfromthecoastalsitesmayalsohavemirroredthevarious
culturalbackgroundandaestheticpreferencesoftheirpopulations,inspiredbytheAegean
regionfromonesideandbyMesopotamiafromtheother.
TetopicofjewelryasareflectionoftraderelationswasundertakenbyAnnAndersson
inherarticleonanornamentassemblagefromthe2ndmillenniumBCsettlementat
FailakaislandinKuwait.Tispreliminarystudyisactuallythefirsttofocusonpersonal
adornmentsfromanislandthatwasanimportantmediatorintradeandcontactsbetween
MesopotamiaandthePersianGulfduringthisperiod.Teexcavationshaverevealed
remainsofbothatempleandapalacethatdilerfromoneanotherintheamountof
ornamentsretrieved,suggestingdilerenttypesofuseandsignificanceforthebeadsin
eachofthesecontexts.Teassemblagealsoincludesawidevarietyofforms,materialsand
manufacturingtechniquesthatprovideevidenceofextensivetradeconnections.
RebeccaIngrampresentsanddiscussestheimmensecollectionofvitreousbeadsfound
amongthewreckageofthefamousLateBronzeAge(late14thcenturyBC)Uluburun
shipwreckexcavatedolthesouthwestTurkishcoast.TeUluburuncargoconsisted
ofnearly17tonsofrawmaterials,aswellasexoticluxurygoods,possiblyrepresenting
merchandiseinvolvedinLateBronzeAgepalatialorelitegifexchange.Tisassemblage
comprisesnotonlythelargestcollectionofsilicate(faienceandglass)beadsfromthe
LateBronzeAgefoundtodateintheeasternMediterranean,butasitoriginatesfrom
amerchantshipwreck,itcomposesaveritableCsnapshot)ofthetypesofvitreousbeads
producedinthe14thcenturyBCandtheirmanufacturingtechniques.Anexactinganalysis
oftheamountsandtypesofbeadsrecoveredinthewreckandtheirspatialdistribution
enablesacleardivisionbetweenthosecarriedastradeitemsandthosethatwereapparently
personaladornmentsofthepassengersandcrew.Whiletheformerareameasureofthe
typesofbeadstradedintheeasternMediterranean,thelatteroleraglimpseintothe
possibleuseofspecificbeadsasculturalorethnicCbadges)
.InadditiontoPieniążek)sand
Kozal)sobservationonjewelrydistributioninthelater2ndmillenniumBCintheAegean,
Ingramhighlightstheassociationofbeadswiththepalatialelites,reflectingtheirattempt
tocontrolresourcesandmonopolizeexternaltrade.
Jewelryasanelementintheconstructionofculturalorgroupidentityistakenupby
JosephineVerduci,whoexaminestheinterplaybetweenpersonaldisplayinthesouthern
Levantandthequestionofculturalorigins.Tetransmissionofjewelryformsandideas
fromothercultures,suchasthoseoftheAegean,CyprusandAnatolia,maypossiblybe
identifiedinsomeofthejewelryformsfoundinthesouthernLevant.Tistransmission
wasprobablymulticultural,takingplaceoverawideregionthroughouttime.Asaresult
ofculturalinteractions,theappropriationandtransformationofjewelryformsandideas
couldhavealsobeenusedinforgingnewsocialidentities,creatingnewobjectsthat
combinethefamiliarwithwhatwaspreviouslyforeign.Asacaseinpoint,theappearance
ofthePhilistinesinthesouthernLevantiscorrelatedwiththefirstoccurrenceofnon-
Levantineformsthataresuggestedtohavebeenappropriatedandfurthertransformedby
thePhilistinesindefinitionoftheirownsocialidentity.
Tetopicofjewelryasaculturalorethnicmarkerofidentityisfurtherexploredby
AmirGolani,whoaddressesthequestionofwhethersomejewelryobjectscouldbe
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PAM23/2:SpecialStudies
