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Summary
Thisbookisintendedtohelptheinstitutionsandpeopleresponsiblefordesign
andimplementprogramsthatprovideoptimalinclusiontoactivelifestylefor
personswithdisabilities.Thepresentedmaterialhasbeenelaboratedonthebase
ofgrantsDS-114AWFWarsawandds-144AWFWarsaw,carriedoutbyauthor
in2008-2014attheJosephPilsudskiAcademyofPhysicalEducationWarsawand
supportedbyMinistryofScienceandHigherEducation.
Thetextisorganizedintotwoparts:‘SportandRecreationSpacewithoutBar-
riers’and‘TouristSpacewithoutBarriers’.Eachpartbeginswithanintroduction
explainingthegeneralapproachtomentionedquestions,includingthecharacter,
scope,terminology,alsospecialnatureandrequirementsofplanningsportandre-
creationbuildingsandopenareas,alsotouristinfrastructure–respectively.Both
partsoferexamplesofplanningprograms,detaileddescriptionsoffacilities,that
areproventobeefectiveinmeetingthesport,recreationalortravellingneedsof
peoplewithdiferentdisabilities.Italsofocusesoninformationonrelevantlegi-
slationinPolandandotherEUcountriesandprovidesusefulfactsandexamples
oftechnicalsolutionsrelatedtobarrierfreesport,recreationandtouristfacilities
–includingcurrenttrends.
Theconsideredformsofactiverecreationshouldbeofuniversalcharacter,
allowingpracticingallkindofgames,gymnasticexercises,summerandwinter
sports.Ideallyshouldbesafeandhealthy,alsohavingeducativefunction(helping
todevelopandimprovenaturalmovements,mobility,motionalmemory,willpo-
weranddiscipline).Thenextfactorindeterminethefunctionalprogrammeof
recreationgroundisthelocalcommunitycharacteristicandinterestexpressedin
particulargamesandexercises.Itvariesintime(fashion),withage,dailyoccupa-
tionandfamilystatus.Thatiswhysoimportantispossibilityofuniversaluse
ofrecreationarea,themorevariouskindsofgamesandexercisesshouldusers
performatthesametimethebetter.Anotherassetisflexibilityofneighbourhood
sportplaygroundaccordinglytoexpectationsandneedsofinhabitants.
Itshouldbedevelopedonthegroundofuniversaldesignconcept,whichisnot
alegalstandard,butratheraphilosophy.Itisanewlineofthinkingaboutprohi-
bitingdiscriminationonthebasisofdisabilityandisfocusedonpromotingequ-
alityandadequateaccessibilityforpersonswithimpairments.Theuniversalplan-
ningisastrategytoshapephysicalenvironment(includingsportandrecreation
groundsortouristspace)tobeuseablebyallpeople,tothegreatestextentpossible
–withouttheneedforadaptationorspecializeddesign.By‘allcommunitymem-
bers’weunderstandpersonsofallages,withdiferentlevelsofskill,abilityand
functionality(mobility,vision,hearing).Itcouldbeachievedbyremovingexisting
