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Introduction:Anoverviewofcurrenttrends…
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collocationswiththeEnglishlexemeprizeandthePolishlexemenagrodain
ordertoidentifysemanticfunctionsofparticipantsinthesituationofreward-
ing.Shesuggeststhatsomecollocationsindicateasemanticblendingofthe
participantswiththefunctionofthebeneficiaryandthereasonforgratification.
Shealsoobservestheoccurrenceofcollocationswhichrepresentnon-obligatory
elementsinthesituationofrewarding(suchastheaimortheprocedureof
gratification).TheauthorpointsoutsomeculturaldifferencesbetweenEnglish
andPolish.
ThechapterbyEwaKoniecznabringsacarefulcognitive-linguisticstudyof
abstractsensesoftheEnglishparticleunderandthePolishverbalprefixpod-.
TheauthoradoptsthePrincipledPolysemyModel,asdevelopedbyTylerand
Evans(2003)andTyler(2012),andemphasizestheimportanceofexperiential
correlationbetweenthephysical(spatial)sensesandextendedabstractsenses
ofparticlesorprefixes.Shepointsoutthatalthoughtheprototypicalspatial
senseoftheEnglishpreposition(orparticle)underandthePolishverbalpre-
fixpod-isthesame,itgivesrisetodistinctnon-spatialextensionsinthetwo
languagesunderanalysis.
PartII,Contrastivepragmaticsandmorphology,containsthreechapters.
EwaBogdanowska-JakubowskainvestigatesinscriptionspresentinAme-
ricanandPolishurbanpublicspacesandtransport.Thenoticesinstructhow
tobehaveandinteractwithpeopleaswellaswhatisacceptableinapar-
ticularplace.Therefore,itmaybestatedthattheyconstitutetherulesof
socialinteractions.Otherinscriptionsareexpressionsoffriendlinesswhichare
supposedtomakepassers-byandcustomersfeelgood.Payingspecialatten-
tiontothenotionofpoliteness,theauthorofthepaperanalyzesthenotices
byemployingacombinationoftwoapproaches,namelyCriticalDiscourse
Analysisandpragmatics.
ThechapterbyMirosławBańkoandDianaSvobodovádiscussestheorder
bywhichtheadaptationofaloanword’spronunciation,morphology,andspell-
ingproceedsinPolishandCzech.Intheirempiricalandquantitativeresearch,
theydivideasampleofloanwordsintogroupscorrespondingtodifferentad-
aptationpatternsandanalyzetheloansforthepurposeofrevealingatypical
adaptationorderwhichdeterminestheirarrangement.
BożenaCetnarowskaconsidersthephenomenonofgendermarkingin
namesofprofessionsinEnglishandPolish.EmployingdatafromtheCorpus
ofContemporaryAmericanEnglishandtheNationalCorpusofPolish(NKJP),
sheanalyzestermswhichdenotewomenwhooperateaircraft.Theanalysis
confirmstheprevalenceoftheuseoftheattributiveadjectivefemaleorthe
formationofcompoundsascommonmeansofsignalingthefemininegenderof
pilotsinEnglish.TheinvestigationofthePolishdataindicatesthepreference
fortheuseofsuffixalderivativesorNoun+Nounjuxtapositions.Someother
issuesdiscussedbytheauthorinvolvetheidentificationofvarioustypesof