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2.2.IntegrationofEnglishandtheprimarycurriculum
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Table2.4.AcomparisonofthekeytenetsofmainstreamprimarypracticeanditsinfluenceonEFLmethod-
ology(source:Brewster,1995)
Goodprimarypractice
Syllabus
syllabusderivedfromtopicsandconcepts
DevelopmentsinEFL
useofprojectsandtheme-basedlanguagework
Methodology
topicsusedtopromoteactivity-basedlearning,
developmentoftask-basedmethodologies;useof
includingsurveys,investigationsand
pairandgroupworkforsurveysand
problem-solving,ofteninvolvingsmallgroupwork
problem-solving
Languageandlearningproducts
pupils,spokenandwrittenproducts,e.g.taped
productionofmaterialsbylearnerswithan
storiesorwritteninstructions,providetheinputfor
audienceotherthentheteacher,e.g.fellowpupils,
otherpupilstoworkwith;
pupilsinotherclasses;
displayofchildren,sworkconsideredimportant
formotivation
increasinguseofe.g.posterpresentation,class
magazines
Viewofthelearner
child-centredapproachledtoaholisticviewofthe
interestinthelearner-centredcurriculumand
child,seducation,includingaconcernfor
humanisticapproaches;
creativityandself-expressionthroughmusic,
useofrole-play,jazzchants,etc.
dramaandart;
childrentreatedasagentsoftheirownlearning,
developmentoflearnertraining:developmentof
leadingtopromotionofindependentlearning,use
proceduralsyllabus
ofself-accessworkandpupilssettingtheirown
agenda
Viewoftheteacher
experimentsinclassroompractice,ledtothe
diversificationofteacher,srolestoinclude
monitor,facilitator,consultant,etc.
growinginterestinarangeofteacher,srolesand
teachingstyles
Culturalcontext
child-centredapproaches,ledtoaconcernwith
culturalappropriacyanddevelopmentof
‘multi-cultural,educationinitsbestsense,e.g.
avoidanceoftokenismorstereotyping
developingrecognitionoftheimportanceof
culturalissuesinplanningcontext-sensitive
materials,trainingcourses,etc.
seslanguageactivitiesoftenusethisformatforpractisingstructuresorencouragingspe-
aking.Bothexamplesareshownbelow.
Thesecondelement,repeatedpattern,playsacrucialroleinalllearningandunder-
standing.Observablepatternshelpthebrainstoreinformationinaretrievableway.The
abilitytoobservepatternsintheenvironmenthelpspeoplemakesenseofthesurroun-
dingworld.Patternsandobservationofpatternsareparticularlyimportantinlearning
MathsandScience,buttheyarealsohelpfulinlanguagelearning.Evenveryyoungchild-
rennoticeregularitiesinlanguageandbasetheirlanguageknowledgeonremembering