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10Introduction
9
sificationandregressiontrees,willallowustolearnmoreabouttheroleof
environmentalfactorsintheassemblyofmacrophytecommunities0
Plantcommunitystructure,expressedbythespeciescombination,their
number,frequencyandbiomass,dependsonthesimultaneouseffectofmany
factors(Kraftetal02014)modifiedbyenvironmentalandbiologicalfilters
(Grime1998)0Examplesofcommonlyacceptedabioticfactorsinwaterbodies
arelight,oxygenation,temperature,aswellasotherphysicalandchemical
featuresofthewaterandsubstrate(Chambers,Kalff1985;Lodge1991;Ca-
pers2003;Madsenetal02001;Feldmann2012)0Theimpactofthesefactors,
assessedonthebasisoftheirroleintheassemblyofplantcommunities,has
notbeensufficientlyexamined(Szmeja2006)0Somebioticfactors,forinstance
interspecificandintrapopulationalcompetition(Lodgeetal01998;Mitchell,
Perrow1998)mayalsobesignificant0Macrophytecommunitiesarerelatively
highlyvariedbothwithinwaterbodiesandamongthem(Toivonen,Hut-
tunen1995;Heegaardetal02001;Makelaetal02004),whichopensupanother
opportunitytocomparethemusingnewresearchtoolsandanalyticsoftware0
Testingoftheeffectofabioticfactorswasperformedbyobjectivisedsta-
tisticalandnumericalmethods0Basedontheseanalyses,notonlywereeco-
logicalphenomenaandprocessesdescribedbutalsoenvironmentalfactors
shapingmacrophytecommunitieswereidentified0Theirinfluenceontheoc-
currence,abundanceandvariationofunderwaterplantsaswellastheirrole
andsignificanceintheassemblyofcommunitiesweredetermined0Theim-
plementationofthesestudyresultswillenabletheprotectionofaquaticplant
speciesandentireecosystemstobemoreeffectiveandfacilitatethemanage-
mentofwaterbodiesandfisheriesinthem0Inaddition,itwillsimplifythe
renaturalisationoflakesandrevitalisationofwaterbiocenoses0
Thestudieswereconductedinlakeswherethespaceovergrownwith
aquaticvegetationisshapedbythecombinedeffectofallenvironmentalfac-
tors,boththoseindependentofoneanotherandthosecloselyinterrelated0
Onlyamultidimensionalanalysisofthematerialcollectedinthiswaywill
allowthebasicstudyobjectivetobeaccomplished,namelytodeterminethe
importanceofabioticfactorsandfindthemainregulatorsofthevegetation
structureinlakesamongthem0
Theprimaryaimsofthisworkweretodoasfollows:
10DetermineanddescribethemacrophytecommunitiesinlakesofNWPo-
land0
20Selectthemainregulatorsofthesubmergedvegetationstructureanalys-
ingtheroleofindividualabioticfactors0Thefollowinghypothesiswas
putforward:waterandsedimentpropertiesareofsimilarimportancein
theassemblyofcommunities0
