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militaryandinthenextorderinspectingandadministrative.Thetroublesofmulti-
monthjourneyespeciallyfelttheHildegard(secondwifeofemperor,calledthe
motherofcarolingiankings),whichrepeatedlyaccompaniedtoCharlemagneinhis
tours.
ShegavebirthtolitteAdelaideincampnearPavia(774),andthetwins-Louis
andLothair-werebornduringthespainexpedition(778).Royalvassalswithanxi-
etywaitedfortheletterwhichinformedthemaboutvisitofimperialattendants.
Accordingtoexistinglawtheyowedtotheiroverlord(usuallycompanionedtohim
severalhundrednearestpersons)hospitality.Toorganizedsuchexpeditionitre-
quiredenormouslogistichinterlandandlongpreparationsbasedonexperience
andknowledge.Thisvoyageconnotenotwithexcitementbutratherwithafear.
Formostmilitiesitwasescapadeinsideunknownandterrifyingworld.Theyover-
comeendlesswildernessandforestsfilledwithabsolutesilence.Presentarticleis
tryingtobringcloserthewarcampaignofCharlemagnepointedateastempire:
armedoffensiveagainstVeleti,warwithpeopleresidinginmiddleDanube-Eura-
sianAvarsandwarexpeditionagainstCzechs.Authoresswenttheextramileto
bringcloseroffrankswarexpeditionslogistic.Mainbasisofanalysiswasvolumes
writteninFranksstate-AnnalesFuldenses,AnnalesregniFrancorum,AnnalesLau-
reshamnesandAnnalesMettensespriores.Thevaluablesourcewasaswellthebiog-
raphyofgreatleaderwrittenbyEinhard-VitaCaroliMagni,ChroniclefromMoissac
monastery,lettersofCharlemagneandalsocarolingiancapitulary.
