Writing Life. Suffering as a Poetic Strategy of Emily Dickinson

Jadwiga Smith, Anna Kapusta

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-233-3260-2

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Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

Rok wydania:

2011

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XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Bibliografia:

. Writing Life. Suffering as a Poetic Strategy of Emily Dickinson. Red. Smith, Jadwiga; Kapusta, Anna . Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 2011, 83 s. ISBN 978-83-233-3260-2

Bibliografia refWorks:

RT Book, Whole

SR Electronic(1)

A2 Smith, J.

A2 Kapusta, A.

T1 Writing Life. Suffering as a Poetic Strategy of Emily Dickinson

PB Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

PP Kraków

YR 2011

SN 978-83-233-3260-2

Bibliografia BibTex:

@Book{ 39250, author = "", editor = "Smith, Jadwiga and Kapusta, Anna", title = "Writing Life. Suffering as a Poetic Strategy of Emily Dickinson", publisher = "Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego", year = "2011", address = "Kraków", isbn = "978-83-233-3260-2" }

Bibliografia endNote:

TY - BOOK

AU -

ED - Smith, Jadwiga

ED - Kapusta, Anna

TI - Writing Life. Suffering as a Poetic Strategy of Emily Dickinson

PB - Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

CY - Kraków

PY - 2011

SN - 978-83-233-3260-2

ER -

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. Red. Smith, Jadwiga; Kapusta, Anna. Writing Life. Suffering as a Poetic Strategy of Emily Dickinson [baza danych online] Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 2011 [dostęp: 22 07 2024]. Dostęp w Ibuk Libra: https://libra.ibuk.pl/reader/writing-life-suffering-as-a-poetic-strategy-of-emily-dickinson-jadwiga-smith-anna-kapusta-39250.

Emily Dickinson, Julia Kristeva, English Poets, English poetry, suffering

The analysis of a selection of Emily Dickinson’s texts confirms the notion that suffering occupies the principal position in the poet’s work. Her poetry constitutes an example of a painful literary quest for subjectivity as well as ...

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-233-3260-2

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

Rok wydania:

2011

Liczba stron:

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Acknowledgements8
Introduction10
Chapter 1. The Dualistic Nature of Suffering14
1.1. Suffering as a dispiriting factor14
1.1.1. Lack of love16
1.1.2. Lack of maternal love18
1.1.3. Lack of romantic love20
1.1.4. Lack of God23
1.1.5. Lack of health28
1.2. The Empowering side of suffering35
1.2.1. Suffering as a stimulus to greater self-understanding and creativity35
1.2.2. Adopting an unorthodox feminine role37
1.2.3. Poetry as a sublimation of rage42
1.2.4. New spirituality46
1.3. Conclusion: Emotional disturbance as a prerequisite of a poetic explosion50
Chapter 2. Kristeva's Main Tenets52
2.1. Kristeva's concept of abjection and Emily Dickinson's poetry52
2.2. Semiotic features in Emily Dickinson's poetic language58
2.2.1. "Unorderable cognitive chaos"60
2.2.2. Ambiguity caused by compression and elision61
2.2.3. Unorthodox treatment of grammar62
2.2.4. Absurd phrases64
2.2.5. Slow delivery65
2.2.6. Repetition and obsessive litanies65
2.2.6.1. Repetition of a phrase66
2.2.6.2. Parallels of syntax66
2.2.6.3. Repetition of the same sound and alliteration66
2.2.7. Interruption in speech flow67
2.2.6.4. Obsessive litanies67
2.2.8. The pressure for silence68
2.2.9. Mood swings - self belittling to self-confidence69
2.3. Strategies for representing suffering72
2.3.1. Minimalism as a technique for representing despair72
2.3.2. Composition as a technique to present loneliness74
2.3.3. Sarcasm and irony as a tool to illustrate defiance76
2.3.4. Realism as a technique of humanising pain79
2.4. Conclusion: The functions of poetic techniques in Emily Dickinson's poems81
Conclusion82
Summary86
Streszczenie88

ThecriticaltoolchosenfortheanalysisofEmilyDickinson,spoetryis

theworkofJuliaKristevaashertheoryexplainsthefunctionofpainin

humanbiography.Shereferstotheearliestandmostuniversalanthro-

pologicalexperienceofeveryperson,namely,beingapartofamother,s

body.AccordingtoKristevatheprimarypainfuleventineveryone,slife

isseparationfromthematernalbodyandtheﬁrstsignalofhumansuffer-

ingisthecryofanew-bornbaby,whofeelsbrutallyseparatedfromthe

comfortandsafetyofthemother,swomb.Speechisalsoaresultofthis

imposeddeprivation:“‘lack,isnecessaryforthesigntoemerge”(Kristeva

23).ApplyingKristeva,stheorytoEmilyDickinson,spoetryrevealsthatat

thecentreofDickinson,spoetictextsisanoscillationbetweenthedesire

forthemother,spresenceandthenecessityofseparationfromher.This

isthegeneraldeﬁnitionofsufferingthatthepoetformulates.Thiswork

concentratesonthetensionbetweenthebiographicaldeﬁcienciesandthe

compulsiveneedforcreation.EmilyDickinsonisapoetofsuchtension

causedbysufferingandnecessitytowrite.Thereforewecansaythatsuf-

feringbecameherpoeticstrategy.

Inthetwofollowingchaptersofthisthesisanattemptwillbemadeto

provethatpersonalanguishmouldedthethreemajorcomponentsofthe

poet,swork:thetheme,thelanguage,andtheform.Alloftheseaspects

areintegralpartsofaliteraryworkinthetheoryofJuliaKristeva.Thedu-

alisticnatureofsufferingparallelswithhertheoryofadoubledimension

ofthetext–thesemioticreﬂectssufferingasthedestructiveanddepres-

sivestatewhilethesymbolicitssuccessfulovercoming.

InherliterarycriticismJuliaKristevaconcentratesontheroleofthe

authorandregardsthewriterasacrucialelementintheinterpretationof

atext.Thecriticlinkspsychologicalprocessestoliteraturethroughvari-

ouschannelssuchastherelationshipbetweensufferingandcreativity,the

limitsoflanguageandtheacquisitionofthesymbolicorder.Accordingto

Kristevaweareall“subjects-in-process”(qtd.inMcAfee69)representing

thestrugglebetweenbodilydrivesandtheirsuccessfulconquest.Chapter

OneofthisthesisinvestigatesEmilyDickinson,squestforsubjectivity–her

wrestlingwiththerepresseddesiresunderminingtheautonomousself.

TheﬁrstpartofChapterOne–“Sufferingasadispiritingfactor”–fo-

cusesonsufferingasthecentralfeatureintherepresentationofemotion-

aldeprivation,unfulﬁlledloveandherambivalentrelationshiptoGod.

Manypoemsarestudiedtoillustratethemetaphorisationofthepoet,s

poorphysicalconditionsandpsychicdistress.EmilyDickinson,spoetry

isnotconfessional,individualpersonsorcircumstancesarenevermen-

tionedintheverse,yet,personalmotifscanbeeasilydiscoveredbehind

herpoeticimages.Activatedbyalifeofwithdrawalherdispiritingpoems

aremetaphorsofdenialandsorrow.

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Writing Life. Suffering as a Poetic Strategy of Emily Dickinson

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