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30
KarinaChodań
ImHinblickdarauf,dassbonafidesbeiBeurteilungdesAbschlussesundderAusübungdes
KontraktesKauf-VerkaufwieauchbeiFestlegungderHaftungsregeldesVerkäufersvongroßer
Bedeutungwar,könntemanzubehauptenwagen,dassbonafidesbeimrömischenKontrakt
emptio1venditioeinefundamentaleRollegespielthat.
KarinaChodań
Theinfluenceof
bonafides
ontheresponsibilityofthesenderfordefects
ofgoodsintheRomanlaw
Summary
Thebasisoftheconsensusbuy-sellagreementwasthebonafidesofbothparties.When
makinganagreement,bothabuyerandsellerwererequiredtobecarefulbecauseanymanifes-
tationsofinadequacyanddishonestygrewapropertyliabilityofbothparties.Client’scareless
behaviorcouldconsistinaconsciousactiontothedetrimentofthepartner(dolus),aswellas
negligence(neglegentia).
JudgeshavereferredtothetermbonafidessincethesecondcenturyBCwhenevaluatingthe
situationinwhichmakinganagreementwasconnectedwithdishonestyofoneoftheparties,and
aconsciousharmdonetothesecondclient,inordertojustifytheoverrulingoftheclient’sobli-
gation,tosignifysuchcarefulnessthatreflectsthescopeofagreementliabilitytypicalinagiven
case.Eachofsuchbehaviourscouldbedefinedasincongruentwithbonafides.Suchadjudica-
tionsweretoservetheprotectionagainstdamageresultingfromagreementmaking,providing
honestyoftheturnoverviaincreasingthescopeofliabilityandexcludingtheadvantageofthe
onemakinganagreementconsciousofdoingharmtotheclient.
Theprocessofchargingthesellerwithliabilityirrespectiveofhis/hergoodorbadintentions
ifprovidedthebuyerwithdefectivegoodstheexistenceofwhichthebuyerwasnotawareofhas
beentracedsinceJustinian’stimes.
Takingintoaccounttheroleofbonafideswhenevaluatingabuying-sellingagreementand
principlesconcerningsellerliabilityonecanmakeastatementthatbonafidesplayedaBasicrole
inaRomanemptio1venditioagrement.
