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inscriptioninSerbianwasputuponthespotfromwhichhehadfired
thefatefulshots.Itread,uFromthisplaceon28thJune1914Gavrilo
Principgaveexpressiontothenationaldefianceagainsttyranny,and
tothemanycenturiesofournations’struggleforfreedom.”
FromtheoutbreakoftheWartotheendof1914theAustro-Hun-
garianauthoritiesarrestedover5,000SerbsinBosnia.Someofthem
werechargedwithcrimesagainstthedynasty.150werehanged,37of
theminTrebinje,wherethebiggestdemonstrationsagainsttheheir
tothethronehadtakenplacein1906.Tearrestedwereputintothree
concentrationcamps,settohardlabour,anddiedońatafastrate.
Serbianassociationsandchurchschoolswerecloseddown.Some
Serbianpropertywasconfiscated.Foodrationingwasintroduced
inBosniaalreadyintheautumnof1914.NotsurprisinglyforSer-
bians,theAustro-Hungarianregimelefabittermemoryofforeign
occupation.On3rdNovember1915atrialof156Bosnians,mainly
fromtheeducatedclasses,startedinBanjaLuka.Teywereaccused
offavouringterrorism.Teverdictwasdeliveredon22ndApril1916.
16weresentencedtodeath,buttheEmperorKarlexercisedhisright
toclemencyandcommutedthedeathsentencestolifeimprison-
ment.Over80werejailed.
ApisdidnotlivetoseetheendoftheWar.Tewide-rangingpolit-
icalinfluenceenjoyedbytheSerbianspecialserviceswasbecoming
anuisanceforthekingandcourt,andthegovernmentofSerbia.He
wasneverforgivenforhelpingtheconspiratorswithoutBelgrade’s
consentandfortheconsequencesofSarajevo.Hewassuspectedof
plottingagainsttheking.Inthesummerof1915hewasdismissed
fromhispostasheadoftheintelligenceserviceandinDecember
1916heandhisfriendswerearrested.Hewascourt-martialledin
Salonica,wheretheSerbiancivilianandmilitaryauthoritiesinexile
hadtheirheadquarters,sentencedtodeathbyfiringsquad,andex-
ecutedon26thJune1917.
TeSarajevoassassinationwasnoharbingerofwar.Fordecades
therehadbeennodearthofassassinationsinEurope,butnoneof
themhadturnedintoacasusbelli.Itwasthoughtthatthistimeit
wouldbethesame,theexcitementwouldfadeandthingswouldre-
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