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Introduction
Mystudiesonrhetoricandstylistics
inAl-Ǧāḥiẓ’swork
ThereasonwhyIhavedecidedtoorganizethisbookthewayitis
organized,isthespecificityofthestudyIhavecarriedout.
Myintentionisalsotoexplainthedifferencesinandthe
controversiesaroundtheapplicablescientificterminologyandto
showtheReaderstheproblemsthat,attheinitialstageofmystudyof
Al-Ǧāḥiẓ’sworks,rendereditimpossibletounderstandthe
exceptionaltalentshownbyhiminhis‘theoryofsocial
communication.’Iwasabletopresentthemlogicallyandcompletely
aftermakingmyselffamiliarwiththedoctor’sthesisofAš-Šāhid
AlbūšayẖīMuṣṭalaḥātnaqdiyyawabalāġiyyafīKitābal-bayānwa
at-tabayyunliAl-Ǧāḥiẓ(Beirut1982/1402h),andwiththestudyof
M.BakhtinLesgenresdudiscours,containedinhisEsthétiquedela
créationverbale(Gallimard,Paris1984)thatoriginatedinthemiddle
ofthe80softhepastcentury.
InspiredbyJózefBielawski,myMasterandPromotingProfessor,
IbeganmydoctoralstudiesinAl-Ǧāḥiẓ’sApproachtoRhetoricand
Stylistics,whiledoingmyscholarshipworkinCairoin1966.Inmy
studies,IusedtheCairoeditionsoffundamentalworksbyAl-Ǧāḥiẓ:
Kitābal-ḥayawān(7vol.,Misr1357h./1938),ed.‘Abdas-Sallām
Hārūn),Kitābal-bayānwaat-tabyīn(3vol.,Al-Qāhira1926–1927,
ed.Sandūbī),andRasā’ilAl-Ǧāḥiẓ[‘treaties’](2vol.,Cairo-Bagdad
1385h/1965,ed.M.‘Abdas-SallāmHārūn).
Myresearchtaskwas,typicallyfortheorientalstudymethod,to
findAl-Ǧāḥiẓ’sideasofpoeticsandrhetoricinthebroadcontextof
allhisworksandtofollowthembytheirsystematization.
Itwasalreadyattheinitialstageofmystudiesthatthetranslation
ofthetitleoftheworkKitābal-bayānwaat-tabyīnappearedtobe
difficult.Itssensewasnotclear.Whilemakingmyselffamiliar
with
Al-Ǧāḥiẓ’s,studentofMu‘tazilimasters,logicalandpreciseanalyses,
Icouldnotunderstandwhythefirstpartofthetitlebayān,whichat
