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Wheelmadelamps
LampsFatinosi1-4
Theuseofthepotter’swheel,afterfirstformingthebasicshapebyhand,wasanothertechniquewhich
wasusedfortheproductionoflamps.Tistechniquewasincommonusedowntothe2ndcenturyBC
whenthetechniquewasreplacedbythatofmakinglampsbymould.Wheelmadelampswerecheaperto
producethanseriallyproducedRomanrelieflamps.Terefore,theearliestwheelmadeexamplesaredated
totheendofthe1stcenturyAD(Broneer1930:59).Teyarecharacteristicallysolidandlackornamenta-
tion.Tecontainersareobviouslyround,buttheirprofileandheightvaryovertime.Typicalwheelmade
lampsfromthe5thandthe4thcenturyBChadafilling-holewithadiameterofsuchasmalldimension
thattheircontainercouldbecalledclosed.Tenozzleinsuchwheelmadelampswasmouldedseparately,
anditslengthdistinguisheditclearlyfromthecontainer.Inthe5thand4thcenturyhandlesappearedvery
rarely,andeveniftheydid,theywereattachedvertically(Bernhard1955:116;Bailey1975:12-16).
Lampcat.no.1hasbeenpreservedonlyinsmallfragments,consistingoftheupperpartofthecon-
tainerwhichlaynexttothefilling-hole.Itcomesfromthe2007excavationseason,whentherewere
notrainedarchaeologistspresent.Telampismadeofanorangey-redclay,andiscoveredwithadark
graphiteslip.SuchaslipischaracteristicforlampsoftheClassicalperiod:i.e.the5thandthe4thcentu-
riesBC.Furthermore,whatalsodistinguisheslampsofthisperiodistheprecisionwithwhichtheywere
formed,andtheslightlyreddishcolouroftheclay(Bernhard1955:104).Telayerfromwhichthelamp
comesisunknown,becausethedatawerenotrecorded.Tepreservedfragmentdoesnotpreserveenough
characteristicfeaturestoattributeittoanyspecifictypeofwheelmadelamp.Tus,thedatingofthislamp
remainsimprecise.Tefilling-holeisrelativelysmall,andsothedateofitsproductioncanbeattributed
tothe4thcenturyBC.
Asimilarsituationappliesinthecaseoflampcat.no.2,whichalsocomesfromthe2007season.
Itconsistsofthenozzleandafragmentofthecontainerwhichhasbeenmadeonawheel,asisindicated
byanareaofthebase,aswellastheside-wallofthecontainer,whichhavebeenpreserved.Itshouldbe
notedthatthenozzle,whichiscomparativelyshortandhasaslightlyfan-shapedtip,washandmade.Such
featuresasthecolouroftheclay,thepresenceofadarkgraphiteslip,andtheformofthenozzlepermitus
toclassifythislampasHowland1958:Type25A.Tiskindoflampwasproducedmainlyinthe4thcentury
BC(Howland1958:67-8).
Telampfragmentcat.no.3hasanozzleofaformthatwasverycommonamongwheelmadelamps
ofthe4thand3rdcenturyBC.NozzlesinthisparticularformwereanattributeofBroneer1930:Type
VI-VIIIlamps(Broneer1930:Pl.III),andHowland1958:Type25B-Clamps(Howland1958:Pl.39).
Tesetypesoflamparesaidtohavebeenproducedduringthe4thandthe3rdcenturiesBC,whichdating
isproposedfortheartefactfromNegotino.
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