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1.Berdyczów,Wilno,St.Petersburg,1800-1830
19
Beniowski)sfatherwasnamedSzymonBeniowski,andhehimselftellsusthat
hisfatherwasaphysician.
11
ASzymonBeniowskiwasawardedadoctoratein
medicinebytheUniversityofWilnoin1821,when,aswewillseeinamoment,
BartłomiejBeniowskiwashimselfamedicalstudentatthesameuniversity.
Szymon)sdoctoraldissertationonspinalpaininpneumoniapatients,whichwas
citedrespectfullyandindetailbyProfessorJosephFrankinhisTraitéde
PathologieInterne,containedempiricalstudiesofpatientsintheWilno
UniversityClinicdatingfrom1818.
12
Onobtaininghisdoctorate,Szymon
BeniowskienteredgovernmentserviceandbecameanInspectoroftheMedical
BoardinMohylewontheRiverDniepr,atthistimeaRussianprovincialcapital,
whereheremaineduntilhisdeathin1852.
13
Kośmińskistatescategoricallythat
thiswasBartłomiejBeniowski)sfather.Histheoryisbackedbythefactthat
thereisnotraceofSzymonasanundergraduatestudentinorjustbefore1818,
whichwewouldexpectifhehadbeen,forexample,anelderbrotherwhotook
adoctorateimmediatelyafterhisfirstdegree.
14
Beniowskiisnotacommon
nameintheearly19th-centuryregistersoftheUniversityofWilno:only
SzymonandBartłomiejoccur.IthereforesuggestthatthisSzymonBeniowski
wasindeedBartłomiej)sfather.HepossiblystudiedmedicineinWilnointhe
turbulent1790s(noenrolmentrecordsexistfortheperiod1794-1806),after
whichhebrokeoffhisstudieswithalicencetopractice,married,settledfor
atimeinBerdyczów,andreturnedtothecitytocompleteadoctorateatthetime
whenhissonenteredtheuniversity.Hewasprobablywidowedbythistime,and
perhapslaterre-marriedandfoundedasecondfamily.
15
ThereisnoconcreteindicationfromthisstageinhislifeaboutBartłomiej
Beniowski)sethnicbackground.Hewasnot,however,ashisfriendJanCzyński
-himselfdescendedfromFrankists-claimed,alateandtacticalconvertfrom
JudaismtoCatholicism.CzyńskimisleadinglydescribedBeniowskiinaletter
toAntoniOstrowskiin1833asoneofthoseJewsfiwhowasbaptisedasapure
11
VUBKC79,80,81:theyarebothenteredintherecords(inPolish)oftheUniversityof
WilnoasfiBeniewski.”
12
BJms.3659,p.154ff.[Wilno]fiWoddzialenauklekarskichotrzymalistopnieuczone
1816-1830,”p.156;JosephFrank,TraitédePathologieInterne,vol.2,Bruxelles,1842,p.445
(SzymonBeniowski,Diss.inaug.derachialgitidepneumoniametpraesertimpleuritidem
dorsalemmentiente,Vilnae,1821).
13
StanisławKośmiński,Słowniklekarzówpolskich,op.cit.,p.588;JózefBieliński,
DoktorowieMedycynypromowaniwWilnie[fromPamiętnikLekarski],Warszawa,1886,p.13.
14
LVIA,F720,Ap.1,B822,p.33;JózefBieliński,DoktorowieMedycynypromowani
wWilnie,op.cit.,p.13.
15
TadeuszWróblewski,eitherseekinghisrootsorlegacyhunting,in1910obtained
informationthatacertainArkadySemenovichBeniowskihadattainedtherankofinfantrygeneral
intheRussianarmy,andwasdrawinghispensioninBryanskinWesternRussia.Ifthiswas
BartłomiejBeniowski)snephew,thenhehadabrother,orhalf-brother,aswellasafathercalled
Szymon-orGeneralArkadySemenovitchBeniowskimayhavebeenamoredistantrelationifhe
wasarelationatall.See:LMAVBBF306Ap.6,typedstatementinRussian,January1910.
