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Introduction
23
2.Tereisacausetosuffering.Tereasonfortheillnessisnotexter-
nal,however,butitisaresultofunenlightenedbeliefinaninherent-
lyexisting,unchanginguself.”Notonlyisittheignoranceofthelaw
ofkarma,whichtendstosurprisewithreturningunwantedresultsof
confusedactions,butduetothisdualisticperception,beingsfallprey
toa)theirpreconceivedideasaboutreality(i.e.thatitexists,informs
ofeternalism,materialism,substantialism,orthatitdoesnotexist,
whichisoftenreferredtoasnihilism)andb)disturbingemotionsfur-
therdistortingthecorrectapprehensionofreality.
3.Tereisanendtosuffering.Teillnessiscurable.Buddhaureached
theothershore”andawakenedfromthesleepofignorance.Fear-
lessness,joyandcompassionofenlightenment,astateoffullhealth
ispossibleandBuddha(andconsecutiveteachers)isalivingproof
ofthis.
4.Tereisawayoutofsuffering.Tefourthnobletruthisaprescription
ofasuitablepractice.Tis,dependingontheuyāna”practiced,might
be:theNobleEightfoldPath(Skt.dryds
.t
.dn
˙gamdrga)withdeveloping
thepeaceofmindandunderstandingegolessness;theSixLiberat-
ingActions(Skt.pdramitd)withteachingsoncompassionandwis-
dom;orthetantricmeditationsandkeepingthePureViewremind-
ingthepractitionersoftheirBuddhaNature(Skt.tathdgatagarbha)in
alldailysituations.
Asfaraskarmaisconcerned,itisoftenmisunderstoodintheWestas
fateordestiny.Literallyitmeansuaction”anditdescribespsychologicalas-
pectofcasualrelations.Terearethreewaysofexplainingcausalsituation
intheworld:(1)thereisaGod’smasterplan,(2)coincidencerulesevery-
thingor(3)thereisaninterdependentorigination.Buddhistsoptforthe
thirdpossibility,interdependentoriginationofallphenomena.Whosows
poppieswillharvestpoppies,whosowsweedswillharvestweedswithout
anymoraljudgmentofthesituation.Whatisobviousonthelevelofmaterial
objectsismoredifficulttoobserveonthementalsphere,butourthoughts,
wordsandactionsinevitablyleavepsychologicaltracesinthesubconscious-
ness.Actionsarenotexternaltoanunchangeableusoul,”buttheyarechar-
acter-forming,andthusalsoexperience-of-reality-forming.Accordingto
Buddha’steachings,nomatterhowlongittakesforacertainkarmatorip-
en,ifnotpurifieditwillinevitablyproduceacorrespondingresultwhenap-
propriateconditionsaremet.Tisviewisdifferentfromdeterministicfate,
aswhateverhasnothappenedyetcanstillbechanged,andthereisnosin-
