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12
Introduction
brakodielstvo)(seeNagórko2016)iStudiesofPolishcompositeexpressions
(eigi,Damborský1966)alsonotetheinfluenceofFrenchonPolish(ei-
therdirectlyorthroughthemediumofRussian),whichisresponsible
fortheformationofcompound-likemulti-wordunitswiththecoordinate
interpretation,suchaswagon-restauracja(wagoninomisgrestaurantinomi
sg)<diningcar,’zegarek-bransoletka(watchinomisgbraceletinomisg)<watch
withabracelet,watchandbraceletset,’andmiasto-bohater(city
inomisg
heroinomisg)<herocity
i’Nevertheless,itispointedoutbyPolishdiachron-
iclinguists(eigi,Handke1976:35–50andDługosz-KurczabowaandDu-
bisz1999:62–63,75)thatcompoundingshouldberegardedasanative
patternofformingmorphologicallycomplexwordsinPolishiThisiscon-
firmedbytheexistenceofOldSlavoniccompoundpersonalnounsincon-
temporaryPolish,suchasBogumił(godidat+dear)<(liti)someonedearto
God,’andbytheoccurrenceofcompoundcommonnounswhichcan
betracedbacktoOldPolish,forinstance,listopad(leaf+lv+fall)<Novem-
ber’andświniopas(pig+lv+graze)<swineherdi’Agrowthintheproductiv-
ityofcompoundinginPolishhasbeenobservedrecently
iJadacka(2001:
113)comparesPolishneologismscoinedduringtwoperiodsinthesecond
halfofthe20thcentury
iDuringthefirstperiod,thatis,1945–1964,com-
poundsconstitute12i33%ofallneologismsbelongingtothesyntactic
categoryofnounsiInthesecondperiod,thatis,1989–2000,compound
nounsaccountfor34i36%ofallnovelmorphologicallycomplexnounsi
Consequently
,thestudyofcompositeexpressionsincontemporaryPolish
promisestobeafruitfulareaforfurtherinquiry
i
ThereareseveralgoalswhichIintendtoachieveinmymonographi
Iintendtohighlighttheexistenceofthe“transitionzone”betweenmor-
phologicalcompoundsandcanonicalsyntacticphrasesiIwilldemon-
stratethatmulti-wordexpressionswhichbelongtosuchatransitionzone
(andwhicharereferredtohereas“phrasallexemes”)exhibitamixture
ofword-likeandphrase-likepropertiesiIalsoaimtoinvestigatetheco-
existenceofmorphologicalcompoundsandphrasallexemeswhichcon-
sistofthesamestems,forinstance,Englishatomicbombvsiatombomb,
orPolishbajkopisarz(fable+lv+writer)vsipisarzbajek(writerinomisgfa-
bleigenipl)andkrem-żel(creaminomisggelinomisg)<gelcream’vsikremożel
(cream+lv+gel)<gelcreami’
IdisagreewiththetreatmentofNNcombinationsorAN/NAcombi-
nationsinPolishascanonicalnounphrasessince,aswillbeshownhere,
theyexhibitanamingfunctionandaresyntacticallyrestrictediIwillalso
argueagainsttheassumptionthatmulti-wordexpressions,suchasmedi-
calbuildingandcriminalpolicyinEnglish,orpióroświetlne(penlightira)
<lightpen,’miernikpromieniowania(meterinomradiationigen)<radiation
meter,’andkierowca-dostawca(driverinomsupplierinom)<deliverydriver’
