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THEFESTIVALBOOKSANDTHEHABSBURGEMPIRE:POWERANDPERFORMANCE
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bolicimagesprovidedtheideologyforallthat.However,thefestivitynar-
rationsandchroniclespublishedafertheeventswerethosethatallowed
themtoliveonfortheircontemporariesandforposteritythroughliterary
andvisualnarrationsoftheevents.
Writtennarrationswereimportanttoguaranteethesurvivalofthe
festivity,yettheexistenceofagraphicalcompilationofthefestivitywas
evenmoreimportant,anditwasreproducedinengravings,mostofthem
includedasillustrationsintheprintednarrations.Toseprintsquickly
travelledinEuropeandAmerica,spreadingformal,iconographic,andcer-
emonialmodels.Teyhavebeenthebasicvisualdocumentsthatallowus
tointellectuallyrecreatenowadaysthegreatsplendouroftheRenaissance
andBaroque.1Teprintingofillustratedbookswaspossiblefrom1450,
thankstothemodernprintingsthatincludedthemobiletypescreatedby
JohannesGutenberginMainz.TeSpanishMonarchywasespeciallyme-
ticulousinusingprinttoorganiseitspropagandathatwasnecessary,due
totheterritorialvastnessofitsdomains.Notonlywasitoneofthemany
resourcesforroyalimages,intheSpanishcase,booksandengravingswere
themainpropagandaresources.
DuringthereignoftheCatholicMonarchs,thebooksencouragedby
thecrownweremainlynormative,rhetoricpieces,writtenaschronicles.2
TefrstfestivechronicleswereprintedduringthereignofCharlesVand
publishedinthemostadvancedprintinghousesofthetime,whichwere
AlcaláandToledo:Lacoronaciónimperialcontodassusceremonias,traduzida
dellatínenlenguacastellanaporDiegoGracián(s.l.,1530)andEltriunphal
recibimientoyentradadelaCatólicayCesareaMagestaddelEmperadorNuestro
SeñorenlasciudadesdeMecinaenSicilia,ydeNápolesż(AlcaládeHenares:
MigueldeEguía,1535).TereignofPhilipIIwasablossomingperiod
1
ElenaPAez,ElenaSantiagoetal.,LosAustrias.GrabadosdelaBibliotecaNacio-
nal(Madrid:OlleroyRamosEditores,1993);JavierBlas,MaríaCruzdeCarlosVaro-
na,JoséManuelMatilla,GrabadoresextranjerosenlaCorteespañoladelBarroco(Madrid:
BibliotecaNacionaldeEspaña,CentrodeEstudiosdelaEuropaHispánica,2001);Fer-
nandoChecaCremades,uLaimagenimpresaenelRenacimientoyelManierismo”in
JuanCarreteParrondoetal.(eds.),ElgrabadoenEspaña(siglosXValXVIII)(Madrid:
EspasaCalpe,1996),pp.9-200;AntonioGallego,HistoriadelgrabadoenEspaña(Madrid:
Cátedra,1999).
2
JoséGarcíaOroMarín,MaríaJoséPortelaSilva,LaMonarquíayloslibros
enelSiglodeOro(Alcalá:UniversidaddeAlcalá,1999),p.62.
