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IzabelaRUTKOWSKA
significantlydelayedincomparisontoable-bodiedpeers’developmentalchangesof
theability.Theabilitytomaintainbalancedidnotdependongender,butwasmostly
relatedtothedegreeofVIandage.Personswithlowvisionhadbetterbalancethan
blind,andthedecreaseofvisualacuityresultedinreductioninabilitytomaintaining
balance.Therapyimprovingtheabilitytomaintainbalanceshouldbeappliedespe-
ciallytothosewithdiagnosedthegreatestdeficiencies,i.e.blindchildren(category4
and5accordingtoWHO)attheageof6-11years.
Inabilitytousevisualimpressionswasafactornegativelyaffectingbilateralco-
ordinationofblindparticipantsaged7-17years.Amongtheyoungestparticipants(7-9
years)therewasthegreatestnumberofpersonswithdiagnoseddelaysincoordination
developmentandtheleveloftheabilitywasthelowestcomparedtothenormsforable-
bodiedpersons.Forthisgroupshouldbeelaboratedandappliedinterventionprograms
focusedonreducingdeficienciesinsuchareasas,abilitytocrossthecenterlineofthe
body,oruseadequatelytothesituationalternateorunilateralmoves.Despitethefact
that,withageincreasesnumberofpeoplewithanaveragelevelofbilateralcoordi-
nation,appropriatetothestageofontogeneticdevelopment,alargenumberofblind
peopleshoweddeficienciesintheabilitytousetheleftandrightsideofthebodyinan
integratedandagileway.Regardlessofage,themostdifficulttasksforparticipantsto
performwerethoserequiringtheuseofcontralateralbodyparts.Activityprogramsfor
blindshouldincludeespeciallyexercisesimprovingalternateworkofupperandlower
limbs,whicharethebasistolearnmorecomplexmotorskills.
Resultsofrepeatedtests(test-retestmethod)indicatedthatbalanceandbilateral
coordinationsubtests(BOT-2)arereliabletoolsforassessingtheabilitiesofchildren
andadolescentswithaVI.Moreover,theycanbeusefulforevaluatingdeficiencies
inmotorcoordinationskills.
Theanalysisofselectedaspectsofphysicalfitnessandidentificationofsome
ofthefactorsaffectingthelevelandchangesamongchildrenandadolescentswith
visualimpairment,allowedtoassesssomeofthedeficienciesinmotordevelopment
againstable-bodiedpeers.Onthisbasis,existingstateofknowledgewaspartially
verifiedandsuggestionsforthepracticeforthoseinvolvedinimprovingabilitiesof
students/patientswithvisualimpairmentwerepresented.
