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CHAPTER1
AREVIEWOFSTUDIESONEFFECTIVETEACHING
Introduction
Centraltotheprocessoflanguageteachingareconceptsanddefinitionsof
‘effectiveteaching’and‘theeffectiveteacher’.Overtheyears,thequestion
whysomelanguageteacherssucceedintheireffortswhileothersdonot,in
seeminglyidenticalconditions,hasoccupiedthethoughtsofmanyteachers
andprofessionalresearchers.
Thischaptersurveysinchronologicalorderwhatcametobeknownas
‘effectiveteacherstudies’,whichresultedinanumberofinventoriesof
successfulteachers’performances.Startingwiththeconceptsof‘goodprac-
tice’and‘successfulteaching’,itpresentsmajorchangesinlanguagepeda-
gogywithregardtoeffectiveteaching.Someofthemostimportantstudies
ineffectiveteaching,followedbyresearchandprojectsonsuccessfullan-
guageteachers,aredescribed.Finally,thechapterdealsbrieflywithso-
called‘poor’languageteachers.
1.1.Thebeginnings:theconceptofgoodpractice
Theconceptofgoodpracticewithregardtoteachingforeignlanguageshas
beeninexistenceforseveralcenturiesnow.WilliamofKingsmill,ateacher
ofFrenchinthe15
th
centuryinOxford,providedthefirstsetofguidelines
onhowtoteachmodernlanguages.Hisideaofgoodpracticewasbasedon
teachingnaturaldialoguesappealingtothelearners’everydayexperience
andrelatedtotheirpracticalneeds(Komorowska1999:3).Inconducting
thelesson,theteacher’srolewaslimitedtopromptinglearnerswithques-
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