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12|Chapter1.TheOtherMethodologyoftheOther
TeambivalenceofEasternEuropecanbedefinedthroughtheDerridean
neologismofhostipitalité.Hostilityandhospitalityblendhere.5TePolish
wordforhospitality(gościnność)embracesotherness(inność).Tislinguistic
phenomenonindicatesthathospitalityhostsalterityashospit-ALTERITY.
Tereisalsoetymologicalevidencewhichremainsinthewordhôte,hostis,
etc.TelinguistÉmileBenvenistearguedthattheIndo-Europeanrootsof
hospitalityareambivalent.6Iwillexplorethisdualityintheexamplespre-
sentedinthebook.
Teconceptofhospitalityconstitutesthetheoreticalframework.Postu-
latesofhostingtheStrangerarefoundintheancientepicsofmanycultures,
fromtheMahabharataandtheRamayana;theBible,theKoranandHomer;
throughImmanuelKanttoEmmanuelLevinas,PierreKlossowski,Jacques
Derrida,ZygmuntBauman,HélèneCixous,JuliaKristeva,andCezary
Wodziński.Tislineofthoughtiscrucialtomymethodology.Additionally,
myapproachisinspiredbyavarietyofcurrentsofthought:Freudianism;
thecriticaltheoryoftheFrankfurtSchool;deconstruction;Frenchfemi-
nismandcontemporarypoliticalphilosophy.Iattempttopersonalizeand
applytheseideastopoliticsandtothearts,notjusttoreferto,ortoimitate
them.Anappropriatelstyleofthinking’(asLudwikFleckdefinedit)isused
inmywriting,whichemploysbothtraditionalandnewmethodologiesfrom
thehumanitiesandthesocialsciences.Tesemethodologiesmaybecalled
post-post-modern-whatfollowsafterpost-structuralism.Iwouldliketo
arguethatmyteachers,JuliaKristevaandHélèneCixous,wentbeyondpost-
modernthinkinganddevelopedtheirownstyleandapproach,whichare
equallyappropriateforthisprojectbecausetheytacklealterity,subjectivity
andhospitality,andadequatelydiagnosetheproblemsfortheindividualand
thecommunitywhomustnegotiatetheissuesinquestion.
InthisbookIwillstudysuchareasaspoliticaldiscourse,mediacoverage,
civilaction,andvisual/artisticculturesandtheirrepresentationofplural
othernessinPolishandEasternEuropeansocieties.Methodologicalsources
5
JacquesDerrida,Del)hospitalité(Paris:Calmann-Lévy,1997).
6
ÉmileBenveniste,HL
’Hospitalité,”inLeVocabulairedesinstitutionsindo-européennes(Paris:
Minuit,1969),94;quotedalsobythetranslatorRachelBowlbyin:OfHospitality,AnneDufour-
mantelleinvitesJacquesDerridatorespond,translatedbyRachelBowlby(Stanford:Stanford
UniversityPress,2000),158.ScholarsArleenIonescuofPloestiUniversityandLaurentMilesi
ofCardilUniversityciteBenvenisteonthispointintheirHospitalitiesprojectattachedto
theiremailtotheauthor,February28,2011.