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Today’sTransvaluedHumanismafterAnti-Humanism
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aproposedethicsofmulticulturalsubjectivity,cosmopolitanism:areaching
outtoalterity.InJanion’sphilosophy,thesubjectandtheexperienceremain
centralideas.WiththequestionHWillyouknowwhatyouexperienced?”which
sheposesinthetitleofher1995book,Janionreturnstothecategoryof
experienceintimesofpostmodernism.
Incontrasttopostmodernism,thesubjectfiguresprominentlyinMaria
Janion’sphilosophicalproject.Todate,noworkofhersisdevoidofexplo-
rationsofliterarycharacters,whilestructuralistliteraryscholarship,with
itsergocentricorientation,losesinterestnotjustinthewritingandreading
subject,butalsointheliterarycharacter.Structuralismandpoststructural-
ismprojecttheirownerasureofthesubjectontotheliterarycharacter,di-
agnosingaHreduction,relativization,disintegrationanddegradationofthe
literarycharacter.”
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TereisaHblurringoftheoutlineofthecharacter”.Hen-
rykMarkiewiczexemplifiesthis,enumeratingthestructuralistandsemiotic
definitionsoftheliterarycharacter,whichincludeHameansofthreadingmotifs
togetherandasortofanembodiedandpersonifiedmotivationofrelationships
ofmotifs”(BorisTomashevsky);ahaphazardHcollectionofsemes”(Roland
Barthes,TzvetanTodorov);Habundleofdistinctivefeatures”(YuriLotman)’.
TisHblurring”isaccompaniedbytheHdeathofthesubject”,andsoalsothe
literarysubject.AtatimewhenHanthropology”isconsideredapejorativeterm,
MariaJanionisresuscitatingliteraryandphilosophicalanthropology;achapter
ofherrecentbookŻyjąctracimyżycie/LivingWeLoseLifebearsthetitleHPrzy-
godyprzygodnejpodmiotowości”(HTeAdventuresofContingentSubjectivity”).
79
Janion’shumanitiesareoftheunderstandingkind;inherworksshe
isguidedbytheDiltheyanprocessofVerstehen,incorporatingaFreudian
interpretation(Deutung).Henceheropennesstohistoricism,feminism,
alterityandminoritystudies,andthehumanistscienceofthesoul-psycho-
analysis.Janionstandsbyhumanism,transformingthePolishhumanities.
BarbaraSmoleńthusdescribesherimportanceforyoungPolishhumanists:
HProfessorJanionisachallengeforme;thepointisnottoemulateher,but
todefineoneselfwithrespecttoher.”
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Ifthehumansciences,inPoland
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HenrykMarkiewicz,Główneproblemywiedzyoliteraturze(Kraków:WydawnictwoLiterackie,
1980),147.
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MariaJanion,Żyjąctracimyżycie:Niepokojącetematyegzystencji(Warszawa:W.A.B,2001).
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BarbaraSmoleń,HIdolki,autorytety,wzorce”,Ośka.PismoOśrodkaInformacjiŚrodowiskKo-
biecych,vol.3(1998),2.
