Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
3)UNFrameworkConventiononClimateChange,which
subsequentlyproducedthe1997KyotoProtocolonGlob-
alWarming,
4)ConventiononBiologicalDiversity,
5)Agenda21-AGlobalActionPlan,whichhasbeenincor-
poratedintoEUandinternallaw.
ItisthereforeclearthatEuropeanlawhasincorporatedthemost
importantinternationalagreementsonenvironmentalprotec-
tion.Theprimaryandmostfrequentlyemployedinstrument
inEuropeanenvironmentallawisadirective.Ofover300acts
regulatingenvironmentalprotection,themajorityaredirectives,
includingframeworkdirectivesconcerningair,waterorwaste.
Detailsofspecificenvironmentallegislation(Directives,Regula-
tions,Decisions,etc.)andcaselawcanbefoundon-lineatwww.
europa.eu.intandwww.eel.nl.
InEuropeanlawthetermlenvironment’encompassesboththe
naturalandtheman-madeenvironment.Itselementsinclude
mankind,fauna,ora,soil,water,air,climate,landscape,mate-
rialresourcesandculturalheritage,naturalsurroundingsand
resources,waterresourcesandelementsofhumansocialsur-
roundings.Suchabroaddefinitionofthetermlenvironment’ad-
ditionallyincludesissuessuchasrefuse,wasteandenergysupply.
TherehavealsobeencomplaintsastoEuropeanlawconcerning
asurfeitofsubstantiveregulationswithregardtoenvironmental
protection.Iwouldliketopointtotwoissuesasbeingspecificto
thislawi.e.treatingtheruleofsustainabledevelopmentasthe
mostimportantfoundingprincipleandintroducingNatura2000
natureprotectionareasintothelegislationofEUMemberStates.
Europeanlawexercisestheprincipleofproportionalitywithre-
gardtoenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicactivity.TheEu-
ropeanCourtofJusticeinitsjudgementof15November2005in
thecaseC-320/03betweentheEuropeanCommissionandthe
RepublicofAustriaruledthatalthoughthelimitationsimposed
onintra-Communityexchangecanbejustifiedbythedemands
ofenvironmentalprotection,theabovebanisdisproportionate
totheaimitisintendedtoserve.Withreferencetoenvironmen-
talprotection,ithasbeenstatedthattheprohibitionimposed
onthemovementofheavygoodsvehiclesontheroadsofthe
18
ENVIRONMENTALLAW
