Treść książki
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22
PreliminaryPart
tionships(suchasemployees,employers,policy-holders,insurers).Neitherlabour
norsocialsecurityrelationscanbeincludedinthecategoryoflegalrelationships
governedbypubliclaw,becauseentitiestotheserelationsareconsideredbylabour
lawasequal.Isharethesentimentexpressedinlegalliteraturethatthedivision
ofrightsintotwocategories,publicandprivatelawhasresultedinthelossofits
meaningduetotheincreasedinterferenceofthestate(havingasocialpurpose
inmind)intothelegalrelationstraditionallyviewedasprivatelaw.Labourand
socialsecuritylawregulatessocialrelations.Publicinstitutionshaveaconsider-
ableimpactonthis.Tisisaprimeexampleofhethesisaccordingtowhichsuch
branchesoflawmaybetreatedaspublicandprivate.Forthisreasonauthorsdeal-
ingwithinternationallabourlawshouldbetreatedashavinghistoricalarguments
only.Suchauthorshaddifcultieswiththeapplicationofconflictoflawrules
inthecategoryofprivateinternationallawworkbecausesuchconflictsofsome
labourstandardsandallsocialsecuritylawswereperceivedaspubliclawnorms.
Privateinternationallawisabranchoflabourlawwhichcontainsthe“standard
ofstandards.”Itisthebranchoflawwhichconsistsofachoiceoflawsfalling
intothecategoriesofsubstantivelawandprocedurallaw.Tefirstofthemal-
lowsinterestedpartiestoemploymentrelationshipstodecideontheselection
oftheapplicablesubstantivelaw.Tesecondallowsthepartiestoassertclaims
governedbythesubstantivelawoftherelevantstandardsofworktochoosethe
appropriateauthoritiesofadefinitivejudicialreviewoflabourandsocialsecurity
relationdisputes.Privateinternationallabourcomprisesoflawsgoverningover
conflictsoflawrulesaswellasoverthoseinstitutionswhichexercisejurisdiction
incontentiousmattersconcerninglabourandsocialsecurity.Standardsofprivate
internationallabourlaw,containedinnationalorinternationalregulationsshow
substantivelawandproceduralrulesofnationallabourlawandsocialsecurity,
whichareappropriate(containingwithinelementsofforeignrelations)tothe
legalpositionofthepartiesandtheprocessoflabourandsocialsecurityrelations.
Conflictofsubstantivenormsoflabourandsocialsecuritylawhasbeenpresented
inParts2–5ofthisbook.SubjectofPart6ofthisbookarelegalissuesrelated
tothecollisionofproceduralnormsoflabourlaw,concerningthejurisdiction,
recognitionandenforcementofjudgementsinmattersdealingwithlabourand
socialsecurity23andadministrativeprocedurespriortodecisionshandeddownby
thepensionbodiesinsocialsecuritymatters.24
23ConflictoflawsinlabourlitigationareregulatedbytheBrusselsConventionofSeptember27,
1968concerningthejurisdictionandtheenforcementofjudgementsincivilandcommercialmat-
ters(consolidatedversion)[OJ,C027,January26,1998,pp.0001–0027].EuropeanUnionMem-
berStatesandtheEuropeanFreeTradeArea(EFTA)concludedinLuganoonSeptember16,
1988ConventionontheJurisdictionandtheEnforcementofJudgementsinCivilandCommer-
cialMatters.PolandratifiedtheConventiononAugust26,1999,OJ2000,No.10,item132.Te
LuganoConventionwasaparallelconventiontotheBrusselsConvention.OnMarch01,2002,
theBrusselsConventionwasreplacedbyCouncilRegulation(EC)No.44/2001ofDecember22,