Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
29
3.Tobeginwith,weshallremaininthesamefieldofstudyasthefurtherinsightintothe
contentsoftitlesonconsensualcontractsrevealscasesandpertinentconclusionsthatcan
beofsignificanthelp.Althoughtheyareconcernedwithdissolutionofcontracts,andnot
withtheirconclusion,itcanbededucedthattherulesappliedtothemoughttobethe
sameoratleastverysimilar.
ThefirstfragmentinquestionisthetextbyPaulusontheproblemofmandateand
itsrevocatio17:
D.17.1.15(Paul.13adSab.).Simandassemtibi,utfundumemeres,posteascripsissem,neemeres,
tu,antequamsciasmevetuisse,emisses,mandatitibiobligatusero,nedamnoadficiaturisqui
suscipitmandatum.
Paularguedherethesituationwhereonepersonhadrequestedfromanotheroneto
buycertainlandforhim,buthaslaterchangedhismindandsentaletterwiththeinstruc-
tionnottobuyit.Theproblemaroseasinthemeantime,beforehebecameawareofthe
veto,thepersonwhohadpromisedtofulfilthemandatehadpurchasedtheland.The
questionisputbeforePaulwhetherthepromisorhastherighttosuefortheamounthe
gavefortheland.Paulansweredpositivelywiththeexplanationthatthepromisorshould
notsufferthedamagefromundertakingamandate,i.e.byhelpingotherforfree18.
Theotherversionofevents,althoughlessprobable,couldbeconstruedthatthefirst
mandassemwouldbethelettercontainingtherequest,afterwhichpromisordidn,tsend
letterofconfirmation,butwentthroughwiththeperformanceoftherequestedact19.The
laterletterwouldbethendeemedasarevocationofoffer,tousemodernterminology,but
tostaytruetothetext,therevocationoftheacceptedmandateismuchmoreconceivable
developmentofthesituationthansimpleretractionofunansweredrequest.
Regardingtheeffectsofrevocation,twomomentscomeforwardinthetext.First
isthemomentofwritingtheletter,scripssisem,whichcouldbegenerallycategorized
undersendingtheletter,andthesecondisitscognizance,awarenessofitscontent.For
Paulusitisonlythesecondmomentthatisrelevantandwithwhichthecontractceased
toexist.
Theinfluenceofthelastsentence,nedamnoadficiaturisquisuscipitmandatum,on
thesituationissomehowchallengingbecauseitcanbeinterpretedintwoways.One,
morenatural,wouldbethatthisisjustaregularjustificationfortheapplicationofrule
thatthemandateendswiththeinformationofthepromisor20,andtheother,thatitpoints
totheexceptionstrictlyenvisagedbecausetheotherpartyshouldnotsufferanydamage,
17
Cf.V
.Arangio-Ruiz,Ilmandato,p.135sqq.;C.López-RendoRodriguez,Lascausasparticularesde
extincióndelmandato,Oviedo1999,p.45sqq.
18
TheprincipleisalsoexpoundedinD.17,1,20pr.(Paul.11adSab.).Thereisadebateinthedoc-
trinewhetherunderdamnumshouldbeunderstoodexpensesordamages.MajorityK.Heldrich,F.Schulz,
V
.Arangio-Ruiz,heldthemtobeexpenses,whileA.Watsonexpressedcontraryopinion.Cf.K.Heldrich,Das
VerschuldenbeimVertragsabschlussimklassischenrömischenRechtundinderspäterenRechtsentwicklung,
Leipzig1924,p.26;F.Schulz,NachklassischeQuaestionenindenjustinianischenReformgesetzendesCo-
dexJustinianus,ZSS,Bd.50:1930,p.212sqq.;V
.Arangio-Ruiz,Ilmandato,p.135;A.Watson,Mandate,
p.125;C.López-RendoRodriguez,Lascausa,p.45sqq.
19
Ontherelationshipofusedwordsmandareandsusciperemandatumcf.O.Behrends,Diebonafides
inmandatum[in:]Arsbonietaequi,FestschriftfürWolfgangWaldstein,Stuttgart1993,p.34sqq.;A.Guari-
no,Dirittoprivatoromano,Napoli2001,p.929.
20
Cf.V
.Arangio-Ruiz,Ilmandato,p.135.
