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Thereisalsoavarietyofconjunctionsotherthanifthatmaylinkthesen-
tences,andthereisaconjunctionthen,thatmayintroducethemainclause,but
mostoftenisnotnecessary.Lastbutnotleast,weshouldmentiontheclause
order,whichinfluencesthemeaningofconditionals.
Traditionally,conditionalclausesareclassifiedasbelongingtothegroupof
adverbialclausesandassuchtheymaybeplacedinvarioussemanticcategories,
liketime,placeandmanner.Theyarerelatedtoreasonclauses(Leechand
Svartvik1975:96).Doroszewskiclassifiesthemasavarietyofcausativeclauses
(DoroszewskiandWieczorkiewiczeds.1961:236).Generallyspeaking,condi-
tionalclausesanswerthequestion“underwhatcondition?”(“podjakimwarun-
kiem?”).Thequestionasksaboutthecircumstancesofconditionunderwhich
themainclausecanbefulfilled.Conditionisasetofcircumstancesordevices
necessaryorsufficientforacertaineventtooccur.Conditioncannotbecalled
anykindofreasonbecauseanoccurrencebecomesacertainreasonwhichcaus-
esacertaineffectonlyafterthiseffecthascomeintobeing(Jodłowski
1976:191).Conditionisthenecessaryandsufficientreason.Thenecessity
meansthatthereasonisindispensabletocauseacertaineffect.Forinstance,the
conditionforthingstofalldownistodeprivethemofanysupportingpoint.
Conditionisalsothesufficientreasonbecauseitissufficienttotheeffect:itis
enoughtodepriveathingofasupportingpointtocauseitsfallingdown(Doro-
szewskiandWieczorkiewiczeds.,1961:236;Szober1962:377):
[11]
Każdyprzedmiot,jeżeligopozbawimypunktuoparcia,upadana
ziemię.
Likeadverbialstructuresingeneral,conditionalsarecapableofoccurringin
initial[12],final[13]ormedialposition,thelatter,however,istheleastfre-
quent,andappearseitherwhenimmediatelyfollowingthesubordinatorinthe
subordinateclause[14]orinsidethemainclause[15]:
[12]
Iftheweatherisfine,I’llgoforawalk.
[13]
IwouldgotoMiamiifIhadenoughmoney.
[14]
Iwastoldthatifappliedearlymycasewouldbegivenspecial
consideration.
(Quirketal.1972:744)
[15]
Mysignificantother,ifthat’stheexpressiontousethesedays,has
justboughtmeadiamondring.
Yet,allowingthesentencestobeconstructedbyputtingtheantecedentafter
theconsequent,i.e.:
BąA
maysometimesleadtoambiguity(BarthandKrabbe1982:43):
[16]
Godexistsifthereismatter,ifthereismind.
