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16
PartOne:Culturalbackgroundofthefamilycrisis
accompaniedalsobytherighttoadoptchildrenby“homosexualmarriages”:
inHolland(since2001),Belgium(since2003),Spain(since2005),Swedenand
Norway(since2009),PortugalandIceland(2010),Denmark(2012),Franceand
GreatBritain(since2013).8
Apost-modernsociologyofthefamilypaysattentiontotheprocessualrather
thanthestructuralnatureofthefamily.Terefore,inaccordancewiththistrend
insociology,thefamilyisnothingpermanent,objective,orindependentfrom
thesubjectiveopinionofitsmembers.Tefamilyisastronglyvariedinstitution,
diferentinculturalterms,whereasitsmembersarerecruitedfromfreelyselected
categoriesofpersons.Assuming“thehumanisticcoefcient,”proposedbyFlorian
Znanieckiasthemethodologicalprincipleofthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcen-
tury,postulatingtheexaminationoftherealityasitisexperiencedbythepersons
concerned,post-modernsociology(attheturnofthetwenty-firstcentury)goes
evenfurtherandcallsfortherecognitionoftherealityasitappearstoindividu-
alsnotonlyastherealonebutalsoasthelegalone.Terefore,asresearchers,
notonlydowerecognisethequalificationofaguineapig,acat,oradogas
afamilymemberbysomesocialactors,butalso,inaccordancewithpost-modern
sociology,weagreethatahuman-animalfamilyisidenticalorequivalenttothe
traditional,nuclearfamily.AccordingtoTomaszSzlendak,wehavetorejectin
itsentiretytheconceptoffamilydevelopedinsocialsciencesastheoretically
inadequateandideologicallyinvolved,andasaresultofthisrejection,examine
onlywhateverisrecognisedbyactorsofsociallifeasafamilyandafamilylife,
eventhoughitissomeone’sbelovedcar,daughter’sboyfriend,orcurrentspouse.
9
Newdefinitionsofafamilyemphasisethatadyadisasufcientconditionof
afamilylife.“So,ifagroupconsistsofatleastadyadparent-childand/ordyad
partner-partner,wecanspeakaboutafamily.Apairmayalsobeofmarital
natureandcohabitationone.”10Teabovedefinitionofafamilystillraisesmuch
controversy,whichresults,firstofall,fromthereproductionfunctionofafamily
(noothersocialgroupfulfilsthisfunction;therefore,itisthemostimportant
functionofthefamily,onwhichthecontinuityofsocietiesdepends).Adyad
intheformofahomosexualpairdoesnotfulfillareproductivefunction;thus,
itcannotbeclassifiedasafamily.Tisposition,whichperceivesthespaceof
familylifenotasanareaofrealisationofindividualneedsbut,aboveall,as
acommunitywhichrealisesbasicneedsofthesociety,isseenbypost-modern
sociologyasanextensionofthetraditional,tight-proofdefinitionofthefamily,
andcalledfunctionalistfamilyfundamentalism.11
8W.Pięciak:“MałżeństwahomoseksualnewEuropie.”TygodnikPowszechny,24.02.2013,
p.23.
9SeeT.Szlendak:Socjologiarodziny…,pp.105-107.
10Ibidem,p.111.
11SeeT.Szlendak:“Interpretacjekryzysurodzinywsocjologii.Miedzyfamilijnymfunda-
mentalizmemarewolucjąstylówżycia.”StudiaSocjologiczne4(2008),pp.16-17.
