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FoliaPhilosophica34
ISSN2353-9445(online)
ISSN1231-0913(print)
DariuszKubok
CommentsontheSources
ofGreekPhilosophicalCriticism
Abstract:Thepresentarticleattemptstoshedlightonthesourcesofphilosophi-
calcriticismofearlyGreeceandontheoriginsofthecriticalattitudeadopted
bythethinkersoftheperiod.Aboveall,however,reflectionspresentedherebyare
meanttoserveasabackdropforanalysesofamuchbroaderscope.Thestudyseeks
toidentifythedefiningcharacteristicsofearlyGreekcriticism,uponwhichbasis
theauthorputsforthapropositionforageneraltypologyofitsforms.Complement-
ingthepresentcommentsisabriefdiscussionofthesuggestedtypesofphilosophical
criticisminlightoftheviewsofsomeoftheleadingphilosophersofthetime.
Keywords:earlyGreekphilosophy,criticalthinking,criticism,skepticism,typology
Thereisuniversalagreementthatacriticalapproachisthemainforce
pushinghumanthoughtforward,andthatcriticism,asanattribute
ofthought,mustbeanessentialelementofrationalreflectiononreal-
ity.Adeficitofcriticismleadsnotonlytostagnationinscholarship
andscience,butalsototheappearanceofvariousformsofdogmatism,
whichdonotpermittheemergenceofalternativeviews,northerevi-
sionofpositionsacknowledgedasfinal.Dogmatisminscienceoftengoes
handinhandwithdogmatisminworldviews,whichmanifestsitself
inthesocialsphereintheformofaconvictionthatfinalsolutionshave
beenfound.Theabilitytothinkcriticallyisarefreshingqualityinboth
academicandsocialdebates,andmayevenbejinthePyrrhonianspiritj
anantidotetothedeceitfulconsequencesofunreflectivedogmatism.
Fromahistoricalperspective,researchersseekingthesourceofthecrit-
icalapproachmostfrequentlypointtotheviewsofPyrrho(earlier,possi-
