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FoliaPhilosophica34
ISSN2353-9445(online)
ISSN1231-0913(print)
Preface
ThetomeherebypresentedisthefirstspecialissueofFoliaPhilosoph-
ica.Monographicincharacterjasitconcernsavarietyofformsofcriti-
cisminthecontextofthedevelopmentofscienceandphilosophyjitis,
atthesametime,interdisciplinary,sincethecontributingauthorsrep-
resentdiversefieldsofscholarship.Owingtosuchanassumption,criti-
cismjwhetheritisunderstoodasanangleofreflectionorasacognitive
attitudejispresentedinaverybroadperspective.Althoughthevolume
makesnoclaimstoexhaustiveness,thismultifacetedapproachgrantsone
aninsightallowingforabetterunderstandingofboththecomplexity
oftheconceptitselfandofthepossible(andnotalwaysmanifest)conse-
quencesoftheapplicationofcriticisminculturalpractice.
Theaimofthisvolumeistoofferthereaderareflectiononthepres-
enceandsignificanceofcriticismintheEuropeantraditionofscholar
-
ship,scienceandphilosophy.Criticismmaybeunderstoodasanattitude
whichemphasizesone’sabilitytodiscriminatebetweenvariousareas
ofcognitionandtodistinguishthemfromavailablemodesofcognition;
anattitudeinwhichone’sabilitytopassjudgmentsandformopinions
isofprimaryimportance,and,simultaneously,anattitudeinwhichanti-
dogmatismofstancesisofcentralvalue.Thesignificanceofcriticism
doesnotsolelymanifestitselfinthefactthatitneverceasestobeaseri-
oustheoreticalchallengetoscholars.Aboveall,itsimportanceistes-
tifiedtobyitspalpable,multifacetedcontributiontotheunderstand-
ingjandshapingjofmanyareasofsociallife.Today,however,positions
