Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
„Geographia.StudiaetDissertationes”.T.32.Katowice2010
PraceNaukoweUniwersytetuŚląskiegonr2776,s.7134
LADISLAVBUZEK*
ForestSoilErosion1
Abstract
Waterisanerosiveagentwhichaffectsthereliefespeciallyinhumidregionsbyitsdisturbingaction
andthefollowingsedimentationoftheloosematerial.Thereisanextensiverangeofstudiesthatdeal
withthisrelief-formationprocess,namelyitsphysicalaspects,geographicaldistributionandeco-
nomicalconsequences.BasicworkspublishedintheformerCzechoslovakiawereaimedatstudying
erosiononfarmland.Thisstudy,however,evaluateswatererosionprocessesonforestsoil,basedon
long-termmonitoringofthesuspendedloadregime,whichreflectstherateofwatererosion.Thearea
studiedwaschosenintheafforestedmountainousregionoftheMoravskoslezskeBeskydyMts.inthe
NEoftheCzechRepublic(tothesouthoftheOstravacity).Thesuspendedloadregimewasstudied
onasmallmountainstream(theUpperOstraviceRiver)inthecentralpartoftheMoravskoslezske
BeskydyMts,continuallyfortheperiodof25years(197612000).Themonitoringofthesuspended
loadregimeontheotherstreamswasshorter,nevertheless,thevalueswereusedforcomparison
withinthe25year-longperiod.Theconsumptionofwaterforindustryanddrinkingpurposesinthe
Ostravacityregionisquitehigh,thatiswhyseveralreservoirswerebuiltintheMoravskoslezske
BeskydyMtssince1950.Thelargestone,theSancereservoir,wasconstructedin196411969onthe
OstraviceRiver,asmallerdamnamedMoravkawasbuiltin196011966ontheMoravkaStream.
Solidmatterandsuspendedload,loosenedbyerosionontheslopesofthewatershedsstudiedsettles
inbothreservoirs.Thisfactcancauseproblemsinwatermanagementbothbytheslowprocessof
siltingupthereservoirand,moreimportantly,bythematerialbeingsuspendedinwaterforalong
time,whichcausesproblemsinthewaterpurificationprocess(highercosts).Thissituationisespe-
ciallycriticalattheSancereservoir,whereflyschsedimentswithhighclaycontentprevail,compared
totheMoravkareservoirwhererelativelycoarsefractionsofsandstonesarepresent.Therateofsheet
washofsoilparticlesdependsnotonlyonthenaturalfactorsbutalsoonthecharacterofforestman-
agement1itisthedensityofunpavedloggingroadsandthemachines(tractors)usedthatmatter
*Frydek-M.stek,CzechRepublik.
1TheresearchwassupportedbytheformerGeografickyústavČSAVInstituteinBrno,grant
projectsoftheOstravaUniversityandtheGrantAgencyoftheCzechRepublicinPrague.Theauthor
ofthestudyworkedatthePhysicalGeographyandGeoecologyDepartmentatOstravaUniversityin
Ostrava,CzechRepublic,between196212005.
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