Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
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sisoftheplacesevokedinthework(thefirst
oftheauthorsvisitedalltheplacesofHutsul-
shchynamentionedinthearticletojuxtapose
theliteratureandInternetdescriptionswith
therealstateofthoseplaces).Moreover,the
studyemployedadiagnosticsurveybasedon
thequestionnairetechnique.Teresearchwas
conductedamong140Polishtouristswhohad
visitedtheregionbefore.Tetargetgroupwere
NadiiaAndrashchuk,KarolinaBuczkowska-Gołąbek
touristswhovisitedHutsulshchynaatleast
once.Tequestionnairewasconductedusing
thefreeonlineplatformuSurvio”
,butthelink
generatedbythesystemwassenttoaninten-
tionallyselectedgroupofpeoplebyemailand
throughasocialgroupcreatedonFacebookin
Poland.AsaresultofstudiesstartedinMarch
andcompletedinNovember2017,140anony-
moussurveyswerereceived.
3.Studyareadescriptionandmaterial
3.1.BasicinformationonHutsulshchynaanditsculture
PeoplelivinginHutsulshchyna,theirclothing,
language,cuisine,andthediversityoftheland-
scapefromthegeomorphologicalandgeobo-
tanicalstandpointarethereflectionofthelocal
heritage.
Teappearanceoftheterm‘Hutsulshchyna’
inliteratureisrelativelyyounganddatesback
tothenineteenthcentury.Tenamecomes
fromtheethnicgroupofHutsuls,which
means:UkrainianhighlandersofRuthenian
andRomanianorigin,livingintheUkrainian
andRomanianCarpathians.TeHutsulculture
createdbyitsturbulenthistoryisnowthesub-
jectofextensiveethnographicresearch.
Descriptionofthisarea,andaboveallits
exactlocationwithintheCarpathianMoun-
tains,isquiteproblematic,becauseitsbound-
ariesarenotclearlydefined,althoughthereare
variousstudiesinwhichsuchanattemptwas
made.Nonetheless,narrowingdowntosome
recurringfacts,wecanstatethatthisethnic
regionincludesseveralmountainranges.Tis
land,withanareaofabout6thousandsquare
kilometresisinhabitedbyapproximately200
thousandpersons,ofwhich96.7%areUkrai-
nians.Telargestsettlementsincludecities,
suchas:Wyżnycia,Kosiv,Rachiw,Yaremche,
andurbansettlements,suchas:Werchowyna,
Worochta,Deliatyn,Putyla,Jasinia.Teregion
encompases140villages,5urban-typeset-
tlementsand2cities(Hutsulshchyna).Quite
ofen,whentalkingaboutHutsulshchyna,
Kolomyiaisalsomentioned.
TelocalpopulationspeaksUkrainianas
theirofciallanguage,buttheHutsuldialectis
usedonadailybasis(Gutsul’s’kiyslovnik,Kosiv
ArtOriginalUkrainian,http://www.kosivart.
com/index.cfm/fuseaction/hutsul_dictionary.
main/).Teareaislocatedamongforests,pic-
turesquemountains,lakesandrapidrivers,
whichfurtherincreasestouristattractiveness
oftheHutsulshchyna.Asignificantpartof
HutsulshchynaislocatedintheCarpathian
NationalPark.
Duetothefactthatforalongtimethe
Hutsulpeoplelivedfarawayfromothersand
residedindemanding,remoteareas,thegroup
wasveryhermetic(maybethatiswhythecul-
tureandtraditionswerequitewellpreserved
andpasseddown,butunfortunatelytheyare
slowlydisappearingatthemoment).Italsohad
animpactonHutsularchitectureandsolidified
itsauthenticity.
Tehistoryoftheentireregionisverycom-
plicated.Overthecenturies,Hutsulshchyna
belongedtovariouscountries.Itbelongedto
theOttomanEmpire,theMoldovanprinci-
pality,FirstRepublicofPoland,theHungarian
Kingdom;latertotheAustro-HungarianMon-
archy;Intheyears1920-1939itwasunderthe
ruleoftheRomanianKingdom,SecondRepub-
licofPolandandtheCzechoslovakRepublic.
However,regardlessoftheartificiallycreated
administrativedivisions,overthecenturiesthe
Huculpeopleverydynamicallycreatedtheir
usualorder,existence,cultureandpastoralism
conditionedbythestrictrulesoftheforestand
mountains(Spadshchina,2014).
Currently,theeconomicsphereofHutsul-
shchynaisrapidlydeveloping,althoughthe
infrastructureoftheregionisstillsubpar.Two
observationscometomindhere.First:thisstate
attractstourists-theseekersofauthenticityand
pristinenature;andslowerdevelopmentofthe
