Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa

Joanna Then-Obłuska, Barbara Wagner

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-235-3907-0

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

Wydawnictwo:

Uniwersytet Warszawski

Rok wydania:

2019

Liczba stron:

317

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Bibliografia:

Then-Obłuska, Joanna; Wagner, Barbara. Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa. Red. . Warszawa: Uniwersytet Warszawski, 2019, 317 s. ISBN 978-83-235-3907-0, doi: https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

Bibliografia refWorks:

RT Book, Whole

SR Electronic(1)

A1 Then-Obłuska, J.

A1 Wagner, B.

T1 Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa

PB Uniwersytet Warszawski

PP Warszawa

YR 2019

SN 978-83-235-3907-0

DOI https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

Bibliografia BibTex:

@Book{ 208409, author = "Then-Obłuska, Joanna and Wagner, Barbara", editor = "", title = "Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa", publisher = "Uniwersytet Warszawski", year = "2019", address = "Warszawa", isbn = "978-83-235-3907-0", doi = "https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070" }

Bibliografia endNote:

TY - BOOK

AU - Then-Obłuska, Joanna

AU - Wagner, Barbara

ED -

TI - Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa

PB - Uniwersytet Warszawski

CY - Warszawa

PY - 2019

SN - 978-83-235-3907-0

ER -

DOI - https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

Netografia (standard APA):

Then-Obłuska, Joanna; Wagner, Barbara. Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa [baza danych online] Warszawa: Uniwersytet Warszawski, 2019 [dostęp: 06 09 2024]. Dostęp w Ibuk Libra: https://libra.ibuk.pl/reader/glass-bead-trade-in-northeast-africa-joanna-then-obluska-barbara-208409. doi: https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

glass beads, Meroitic and late Antique Nubia, trade in antiquity, glass manufacturing, chemical composition, provenance study

Strings of colorful glass beads were a popular commodity traded throughout ancient Nubia in the earlier half of the first millennium AD. Combining macroscopic examination with laboratory analyses, the author breaks new ground in Nubian studies, es...

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-235-3907-0

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

Wydawnictwo:

Uniwersytet Warszawski

Rok wydania:

2019

Liczba stron:

317

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Acknowledgements7
Introduction9
Chapter 1: . Nubia in the Meroitic and post-Meroitic periods11
Chapter 2: Beads in Meroitic and post-Meroitic cultures: iconographic and contextual overview15
Chapter 3: Collections and archaeological contexts17
Chapter 4: Morphological description of glass samples25
Introduction25
Techniques, provenance, parallels, and dating 25 Conclusions37
Chapter 5: Chemistry of glass beads101
Introduction101
Method of analysis ( by Barbara Wagner)102
Results107
Discussion of provenance of glass groups and subgroups160
Conclusions164
Chapter 6: Discussion of the glass groups and beads produced167
Chapter 7: Trade contacts in Northeast Africa175
Introduction175
Trade hubs, routes and operators in Northeast Africa175
The Nubian trade177
The bead trade179
Chapter 8: Conclusions187
Catalog189
The SJE collection190
The SNM collection214
The MAP collection240
The MNW collection252
Parallels257
Abbreviations and references299
List of figures, tables and plates312

INTRODUCTION

Thisbookpresentsafascinatingbutlittleknownbodyofevidencethatisvitalforthereconstructionof

tradecontactsinRomanandlateantiqueNortheastAfrica,thetimeofintensivemaritimetradecon-

tactsintheIndianOceanregion.Beads,nexttopottery,arethemostabundantarchaeologicalmaterial

inNubia,oftenconstitutingtheonlyevidencefordirectandindirecttradecontactsinarchaeological

records.TheNubianpartoftheNileValleyhasalwaysbeenoneofthemostdevelopedAfricanregions

anditslinkwiththeMediterraneanworldiswellrecognized.ThelinkofNubiawithAsianculturesis

lessrecognized(e.g.,Haaland2014).

Theaimofthisresearchistofacilitateanunderstandingoftheimportanceofbeadsbyhighlighting

thevarioustechniquesandgroupsofrawmaterialsusedtomakepersonaladornments,namelyglass

beadsandpendantsfoundinMeroiticandpost-MeroiticNubia.Combiningamorphologicalapproach

andchemicalcompositionalanalysis,thisworkexaminesthecontributionwhichbeadsandpendants

canmaketotradestudies,andputsthisbodyofdatawithinthewidercontextoftheoverseastradecon-

tactsofNortheastAfricainboththeRomanandLateAntiqueperiod.

AshorthistoryofMeroiticandpost-MeroiticNubiaisgiveninChapter1.Additionally,anicon-

ographicalandcontextualoverviewofhowthebeadsweredisplayedanddepositedisprovided

inChapter2toemphasizetheirexceptionalroleinMeroiticandpost-MeroiticculturesintheMid-

dleNileregion.Chapter3presentsthecollectionsusedinthisresearchandtheburialsitesatwhich

largegroupsofbeadshavebeenfoundinthemainregionsofNubia(LowerNubia,DalCataract

region,FourthandFifthCataractregions).Thedatabase,comprisingalmost200beadsand

pendantswasusedinamorphologicalandchemicalcompositionalstudy.Foreachsite,abriefdescrip-

tionisoutlinedandtheinformationontheﬁndcontextsofgivenobjectsisassembledfromtheexca-

vationreportsandarchivalmaterial.Chapter4presentsamorphologicaldescriptionofthebeads.It

examinestechniquesofproduction,whichareoftenvitalfortheirprovenancestudies.Analogiesdrawn

fromliteratureandmuseumcollections,aswellasdistributionsaregivenforeverytype.Manyofthe

presentedbeadsareillustratedfortheﬁrsttime.

InChapter5,beadsandpendantsareexaminedthroughtheresultsoftheirchemicalcompositional

studies,usingthelaserablation-inductivelycoupledplasma-massspectrometry(LA-ICP-MS)method.

Major,minorandtraceelementsinancientglasscanbediagnosticoftheirgeographicoriginandperiod

ofmanufacture.TheelementalanalysisofglassbeadsfromNubia,involving41elements,givesusour

ﬁrstinsightintothesourcesoftheglassusedtomanufacturethebeadsfromNubiabetweenthe1stand

6thcenturiesAD.ItprovidestheﬁrstscientiﬁcevidenceforthepresenceofEgyptianandLevantine

glassinNubiaandalsotheﬁrstevidenceforthepresenceofSriLankan/SouthIndianglassbeadsin

Nubia.ThecombinationoftheglassgroupsandthebeadsproducedisgiveninChapter6.

Theworkintroducesanewtechniquetoenhanceculturalanalysisinthestudyoflong-distance

tradecontactsinNortheastAfrica.TheresultsconﬁrmstronglinksbetweenNubia—thatis,sitesnorth

oftheconﬂuenceoftheBlueandWhiteNile—andtheEastMediterraneanintheMeroiticandpost-

Meroiticperiods.Furthermore,theresultsprovideevidenceforthecirculationofbothEgyptianand

PAMMonographSeries10

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