Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa

Joanna Then-Obłuska, Barbara Wagner

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-235-3907-0

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

Wydawnictwo:

Uniwersytet Warszawski

Rok wydania:

2019

Liczba stron:

317

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Bibliografia:

Then-Obłuska, Joanna; Wagner, Barbara. Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa. Red. . Warszawa: Uniwersytet Warszawski, 2019, 317 s. ISBN 978-83-235-3907-0, doi: https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

Bibliografia refWorks:

RT Book, Whole

SR Electronic(1)

A1 Then-Obłuska, J.

A1 Wagner, B.

T1 Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa

PB Uniwersytet Warszawski

PP Warszawa

YR 2019

SN 978-83-235-3907-0

DOI https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

Bibliografia BibTex:

@Book{ 208409, author = "Then-Obłuska, Joanna and Wagner, Barbara", editor = "", title = "Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa", publisher = "Uniwersytet Warszawski", year = "2019", address = "Warszawa", isbn = "978-83-235-3907-0", doi = "https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070" }

Bibliografia endNote:

TY - BOOK

AU - Then-Obłuska, Joanna

AU - Wagner, Barbara

ED -

TI - Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa

PB - Uniwersytet Warszawski

CY - Warszawa

PY - 2019

SN - 978-83-235-3907-0

ER -

DOI - https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

Netografia (standard APA):

Then-Obłuska, Joanna; Wagner, Barbara. Glass bead trade in Northeast Africa [baza danych online] Warszawa: Uniwersytet Warszawski, 2019 [dostęp: 31 07 2024]. Dostęp w Ibuk Libra: https://libra.ibuk.pl/reader/glass-bead-trade-in-northeast-africa-joanna-then-obluska-barbara-208409. doi: https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

glass beads, Meroitic and late Antique Nubia, trade in antiquity, glass manufacturing, chemical composition, provenance study

Strings of colorful glass beads were a popular commodity traded throughout ancient Nubia in the earlier half of the first millennium AD. Combining macroscopic examination with laboratory analyses, the author breaks new ground in Nubian studies, es...

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-235-3907-0

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323539070

Wydawnictwo:

Uniwersytet Warszawski

Rok wydania:

2019

Liczba stron:

317

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Acknowledgements7
Introduction9
Chapter 1: . Nubia in the Meroitic and post-Meroitic periods11
Chapter 2: Beads in Meroitic and post-Meroitic cultures: iconographic and contextual overview15
Chapter 3: Collections and archaeological contexts17
Chapter 4: Morphological description of glass samples25
Introduction25
Techniques, provenance, parallels, and dating 25 Conclusions37
Chapter 5: Chemistry of glass beads101
Introduction101
Method of analysis ( by Barbara Wagner)102
Results107
Discussion of provenance of glass groups and subgroups160
Conclusions164
Chapter 6: Discussion of the glass groups and beads produced167
Chapter 7: Trade contacts in Northeast Africa175
Introduction175
Trade hubs, routes and operators in Northeast Africa175
The Nubian trade177
The bead trade179
Chapter 8: Conclusions187
Catalog189
The SJE collection190
The SNM collection214
The MAP collection240
The MNW collection252
Parallels257
Abbreviations and references299
List of figures, tables and plates312

JoannaThen-Obłuska

paintedaroundthenecksandontheshoulders

ofMeroiticclayvessels(Williams1991/I:37,40;

Török2011:248).Theassociationbetweenpottery

decorationandbeadworkdesign,whetherpaint-

edorreal,canbetracedbacktoMiddleNubian

cultureandcontinuedintothepost-Meroiticpe-

riod(Then-Obłuska2014;2016).

Therangeofcontextsinwhichbeadswere

foundisimpressiveforboththeMeroiticandpost-

Meroiticperiods.BeadsfoundinNubiantemples

couldbepartoffoundationdeposits(e.g.,Then-

Obłuska2014a)andvotiveornaments(Then-

Obluska2017a).Nevertheless,theoverwhelming

majorityofbeadsfoundinMeroiticNubiacome

fromhumanburialsites,whereallagesandboth

sexespresentedbeadadornments.Beadjewelryis

alsodepositedasgraveoHeringsnexttotheindi-

vidual’sbody(e.g.,Dunham1963:146-151).Beads

placedinabasket,inwhichawoodenboxcon-

tainingbeadswasalsoincluded,werefoundon

topofthecoﬃnlidinaMeroiticgraveofawoman

inherlatefortiesatSedeinga(FrancignyandDa-

vid2013:107,111,Figs7,9andColorFig.3).

AsintheMeroiticperiod,post-Meroiticbeads

andpendantswereusuallyfoundadorningthe

humanbodyintheformofnecklaces,bracelets,

earrings,armlets,anklets,belts,circletsandbead-

edpendants(e.g.,Then-Obłuska2014a;Żurawski

2010:211,Fig.42;Jacquet-GordonandBonnet

1971-1972:81,Fig.4beadadornmentsfromthe

intacttombNo.72;Habachi1967;EmeryandKir-

wan1938:206,Cat.No.120).Moreover,abeadwas

foundthreadedintotheindividual’shair(MAN

Inv.1980/91/305.58Argin,personalobservation).

Theywerealsofoundsewntotextilesorleather

headbands,wristbands,andgarments(Williams

1991;Żurawski2010:Fig.40;Longa2011:503).

Stringsofbeadswereusedasdecorationon

leatherscabbards(e.g.,EmeryandKirwan1938:

Pl.49;Lenoble2004:Cat.131).Theywerefound

placedinbasketryboxes(EmeryandKirwan1938:

Pl.107.D;Török1987:56,Cat.164),woodenboxes

(Williams1991:335,Fig.161d,Pl.83h),awooden

chestinaroyaltomb(EmeryandKirwan1938:

212,Cat.159),alinenbag(Strouhal1984:223,

Pl.73,objectP3010),leatherbagsorwraps(Säve-

Söderbergh1981:38,Object19/1:15;Pellicerand

Llongueras1965:61-62,Fig.36:6,17,Pl.XIX:3)

orleathercontainerswithmetalﬁttings(Bates

andDunham1927:37-38,Nos6,15a-e,Pl.LXVII).

Togetherwithbellpendants,beadsalso

adornedanimalharnessesandtrappingsin

theEarlyNobadianroyaltombsofQustuland

Ballaña(EmeryandKirwan1938).Astringof

beadswasboundaroundacamel’stailintomb

A.11atFirka(Kirwan1939:3,ObjectA.11/2,4-5).

Beadswerealsodepositedinacow’sburialinthe

FourthCataractregion(Welsby2011).

Lastbutnotleast,stringsofbeadsadorned

potsandanthropomorphicﬁguresdepositedin

subsidiarygravepitsoutsidetheburialchamberin

theFourthCataractregion(Then-Obłuska2014a:

Cat.199-204,210-212;2014b;Żurawski2005:216;

Fig.22Saﬃ56;2008:159Shemkhiya5,Tomb3).

PAMMonographSeries10

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